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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Reliability of Functional MR Imaging with Word-Generation Tasks for Mapping Broca's Area" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2001-10-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright © American Society of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Functional MR (fMR) imaging of word generation has been used to map Broca's area in some patients selected for craniotomy. The purpose of this study was to measure the reliability, precision, and accuracy of word-generation tasks to identify Broca's area.

METHODS: The Brodmann areas activated during performance of word-generation tasks were tabulated in 34 consecutive patients referred for fMR imaging mapping of language areas. In patients performing two iterations of the letter word-generation tasks, test-retest reliability was quantified by using the concurrence ratio (CR), or the number of voxels activated by each iteration in proportion to the average number of voxels activated from both iterations of the task. Among patients who also underwent category or antonym word generation or both, the similarity of the activation from each task was assessed with the CR. In patients who underwent electrocortical stimulation (ECS) mapping of speech function during craniotomy while awake, the sites with speech function were compared with the locations of activation found during fMR imaging of word generation.

RESULTS: In 31 of 34 patients, activation was identified in the inferior frontal gyri or middle frontal gyri or both in Brodmann areas 9, 44, 45, or 46, unilaterally or bilaterally, with one or more of the tasks. Activation was noted in the same gyri when the patient performed a second iteration of the letter word-generation task or second task. The CR for pixel precision in a single section averaged 49%. In patients who underwent craniotomy while awake, speech areas located with ECS coincided with areas of the brain activated during a word-generation task.

CONCLUSION: fMR imaging with word-generation tasks produces technically satisfactory maps of Broca's area, which localize the area accurately and reliably." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="John H. Brannen" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Behnam Badie" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Chad H. Moritz" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Michelle Quigley" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Elizabeth Meyerand" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Victor M. Haughton" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2001-10-01" />
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<meta name="citation_title" content="Reliability of Functional MR Imaging with Word-Generation Tasks for Mapping Broca's Area" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/i&gt; Functional MR (fMR) imaging of word generation has been used to map Broca9s area in some patients selected for craniotomy. The purpose of this study was to measure the reliability, precision, and accuracy of word-generation tasks to identify Broca9s area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;METHODS:&lt;/i&gt; The Brodmann areas activated during performance of word-generation tasks were tabulated in 34 consecutive patients referred for fMR imaging mapping of language areas. In patients performing two iterations of the letter word-generation tasks, test-retest reliability was quantified by using the concurrence ratio (CR), or the number of voxels activated by each iteration in proportion to the average number of voxels activated from both iterations of the task. Among patients who also underwent category or antonym word generation or both, the similarity of the activation from each task was assessed with the CR. In patients who underwent electrocortical stimulation (ECS) mapping of speech function during craniotomy while awake, the sites with speech function were compared with the locations of activation found during fMR imaging of word generation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/i&gt; In 31 of 34 patients, activation was identified in the inferior frontal gyri or middle frontal gyri or both in Brodmann areas 9, 44, 45, or 46, unilaterally or bilaterally, with one or more of the tasks. Activation was noted in the same gyri when the patient performed a second iteration of the letter word-generation task or second task. The CR for pixel precision in a single section averaged 49%. In patients who underwent craniotomy while awake, speech areas located with ECS coincided with areas of the brain activated during a word-generation task.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/i&gt; fMR imaging with word-generation tasks produces technically satisfactory maps of Broca9s area, which localize the area accurately and reliably.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Functional MR (fMR) imaging of word generation has been used to map Broca's area in some patients selected for craniotomy. The purpose of this study was to measure the reliability, precision, and accuracy of word-generation tasks to identify Broca's area.

METHODS: The Brodmann areas activated during performance of word-generation tasks were tabulated in 34 consecutive patients referred for fMR imaging mapping of language areas. In patients performing two iterations of the letter word-generation tasks, test-retest reliability was quantified by using the concurrence ratio (CR), or the number of voxels activated by each iteration in proportion to the average number of voxels activated from both iterations of the task. Among patients who also underwent category or antonym word generation or both, the similarity of the activation from each task was assessed with the CR. In patients who underwent electrocortical stimulation (ECS) mapping of speech function during craniotomy while awake, the sites with speech function were compared with the locations of activation found during fMR imaging of word generation.

RESULTS: In 31 of 34 patients, activation was identified in the inferior frontal gyri or middle frontal gyri or both in Brodmann areas 9, 44, 45, or 46, unilaterally or bilaterally, with one or more of the tasks. Activation was noted in the same gyri when the patient performed a second iteration of the letter word-generation task or second task. The CR for pixel precision in a single section averaged 49%. In patients who underwent craniotomy while awake, speech areas located with ECS coincided with areas of the brain activated during a word-generation task.

CONCLUSION: fMR imaging with word-generation tasks produces technically satisfactory maps of Broca's area, which localize the area accurately and reliably." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Reliability of Functional MR Imaging with Word-Generation Tasks for Mapping Broca's Area" />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Functional MR (fMR) imaging of word generation has been used to map Broca's area in some patients selected for craniotomy. The purpose of this study was to measure the reliability, precision, and accuracy of word-generation tasks to identify Broca's area.

METHODS: The Brodmann areas activated during performance of word-generation tasks were tabulated in 34 consecutive patients referred for fMR imaging mapping of language areas. In patients performing two iterations of the letter word-generation tasks, test-retest reliability was quantified by using the concurrence ratio (CR), or the number of voxels activated by each iteration in proportion to the average number of voxels activated from both iterations of the task. Among patients who also underwent category or antonym word generation or both, the similarity of the activation from each task was assessed with the CR. In patients who underwent electrocortical stimulation (ECS) mapping of speech function during craniotomy while awake, the sites with speech function were compared with the locations of activation found during fMR imaging of word generation.

RESULTS: In 31 of 34 patients, activation was identified in the inferior frontal gyri or middle frontal gyri or both in Brodmann areas 9, 44, 45, or 46, unilaterally or bilaterally, with one or more of the tasks. Activation was noted in the same gyri when the patient performed a second iteration of the letter word-generation task or second task. The CR for pixel precision in a single section averaged 49%. In patients who underwent craniotomy while awake, speech areas located with ECS coincided with areas of the brain activated during a word-generation task.

CONCLUSION: fMR imaging with word-generation tasks produces technically satisfactory maps of Broca's area, which localize the area accurately and reliably." />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Reliability of Functional MR Imaging with Word-Generation Tasks for Mapping Broca's Area</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">John H. Brannen</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">Behnam Badie</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">Chad H. Moritz</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">Michelle Quigley</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">M. Elizabeth Meyerand</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">Victor M. Haughton</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">October 2001,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">22 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(9) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1711-1718; </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-2728--6345756155" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">John H. 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Elizabeth Meyerand </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BElizabeth%2BMeyerand%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Meyerand%20ME&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BElizabeth%2BMeyerand%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Victor M. 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 22</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 9 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Oct 2001 </div></div>
      
      
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Oct 2001, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">22 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(9) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1711-1718; </span></div>
  
  
  
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