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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Characterization of a First-Pass Gradient-Echo Spin-Echo Method to Predict Brain Tumor Grade and Angiogenesis" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2004-10-01" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: No widespread clinical method provides specific information about the angiogenic characteristics of gliomas. We characterized blood volume and vascular morphologic parameters from combined gradient-echo (GE) and spin-echo (SE) MR imaging and assessed their relationship to tumor grade, a known correlate of glioma angiogenesis.

METHODS: Simultaneous GE and SE echo-planar imaging was performed with bolus gadolinium administration (0.20–0.25 mmol/kg) in 73 patients with glioma. To diminish possible T1 changes due to contrast agent extravasation, a preload (0.05–0.10 mmol/kg) was administered before the study, and a postprocessing correction algorithm was applied. Image maps of total (GE) and microvascular (SE) relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and the mean vessel diameter (mVD) calculated from the ratio of GE and SE relaxation rate changes (ΔR2*/ΔR2) were compared with tumor grade. A nonparametric K nearest-neighbor decision rule was applied to determine if the combined data could be used to distinguish low-grade (I–II) from high-grade (III–IV) tumors on a per-patient basis.

RESULTS: For whole tumors, significant correlations were found between GE rCBV and grade ( P &lt; .0001) and between mVD and grade ( P = .0001) but not between SE rCBV and grade ( P = .08). For areas of highest SE rCBV (microvascular hotspots), SE rCBV and tumor grade were significantly correlated ( P = .0007). In terms of differentiation, 69% of low-grade tumors and 96% of high-grade tumors were correctly classified.

CONCLUSION: Combined GE and SE MR imaging provides information consistent with neoplastic angiogenesis, demonstrating its potential to aid in optimizing treatments, categorizing lesions, and influencing patient care." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Kathleen M. Schmainda" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Scott D. Rand" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Allen M. Joseph" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Rebecca Lund" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B. Doug Ward" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Arvind P. Pathak" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="John L. Ulmer" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Michael A. Baddrudoja" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Hendrikus G. J. Krouwer" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2004-10-01" />
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<meta name="citation_title" content="Characterization of a First-Pass Gradient-Echo Spin-Echo Method to Predict Brain Tumor Grade and Angiogenesis" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/i&gt; No widespread clinical method provides specific information about the angiogenic characteristics of gliomas. We characterized blood volume and vascular morphologic parameters from combined gradient-echo (GE) and spin-echo (SE) MR imaging and assessed their relationship to tumor grade, a known correlate of glioma angiogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;METHODS:&lt;/i&gt; Simultaneous GE and SE echo-planar imaging was performed with bolus gadolinium administration (0.20–0.25 mmol/kg) in 73 patients with glioma. To diminish possible T1 changes due to contrast agent extravasation, a preload (0.05–0.10 mmol/kg) was administered before the study, and a postprocessing correction algorithm was applied. Image maps of total (GE) and microvascular (SE) relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and the mean vessel diameter (mVD) calculated from the ratio of GE and SE relaxation rate changes (ΔR2*/ΔR2) were compared with tumor grade. A nonparametric &lt;i&gt;K&lt;/i&gt; nearest-neighbor decision rule was applied to determine if the combined data could be used to distinguish low-grade (I–II) from high-grade (III–IV) tumors on a per-patient basis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/i&gt; For whole tumors, significant correlations were found between GE rCBV and grade (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .0001) and between mVD and grade (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .0001) but not between SE rCBV and grade (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .08). For areas of highest SE rCBV (microvascular hotspots), SE rCBV and tumor grade were significantly correlated (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .0007). In terms of differentiation, 69% of low-grade tumors and 96% of high-grade tumors were correctly classified.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/i&gt; Combined GE and SE MR imaging provides information consistent with neoplastic angiogenesis, demonstrating its potential to aid in optimizing treatments, categorizing lesions, and influencing patient care.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="Michael A. Baddrudoja" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Characterization of a First-Pass Gradient-Echo Spin-Echo Method to Predict Brain Tumor Grade and Angiogenesis" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: No widespread clinical method provides specific information about the angiogenic characteristics of gliomas. We characterized blood volume and vascular morphologic parameters from combined gradient-echo (GE) and spin-echo (SE) MR imaging and assessed their relationship to tumor grade, a known correlate of glioma angiogenesis.

METHODS: Simultaneous GE and SE echo-planar imaging was performed with bolus gadolinium administration (0.20–0.25 mmol/kg) in 73 patients with glioma. To diminish possible T1 changes due to contrast agent extravasation, a preload (0.05–0.10 mmol/kg) was administered before the study, and a postprocessing correction algorithm was applied. Image maps of total (GE) and microvascular (SE) relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and the mean vessel diameter (mVD) calculated from the ratio of GE and SE relaxation rate changes (ΔR2*/ΔR2) were compared with tumor grade. A nonparametric K nearest-neighbor decision rule was applied to determine if the combined data could be used to distinguish low-grade (I–II) from high-grade (III–IV) tumors on a per-patient basis.

RESULTS: For whole tumors, significant correlations were found between GE rCBV and grade ( P &lt; .0001) and between mVD and grade ( P = .0001) but not between SE rCBV and grade ( P = .08). For areas of highest SE rCBV (microvascular hotspots), SE rCBV and tumor grade were significantly correlated ( P = .0007). In terms of differentiation, 69% of low-grade tumors and 96% of high-grade tumors were correctly classified.

CONCLUSION: Combined GE and SE MR imaging provides information consistent with neoplastic angiogenesis, demonstrating its potential to aid in optimizing treatments, categorizing lesions, and influencing patient care." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Characterization of a First-Pass Gradient-Echo Spin-Echo Method to Predict Brain Tumor Grade and Angiogenesis" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/25/9/1524" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: No widespread clinical method provides specific information about the angiogenic characteristics of gliomas. We characterized blood volume and vascular morphologic parameters from combined gradient-echo (GE) and spin-echo (SE) MR imaging and assessed their relationship to tumor grade, a known correlate of glioma angiogenesis.

METHODS: Simultaneous GE and SE echo-planar imaging was performed with bolus gadolinium administration (0.20–0.25 mmol/kg) in 73 patients with glioma. To diminish possible T1 changes due to contrast agent extravasation, a preload (0.05–0.10 mmol/kg) was administered before the study, and a postprocessing correction algorithm was applied. Image maps of total (GE) and microvascular (SE) relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and the mean vessel diameter (mVD) calculated from the ratio of GE and SE relaxation rate changes (ΔR2*/ΔR2) were compared with tumor grade. A nonparametric K nearest-neighbor decision rule was applied to determine if the combined data could be used to distinguish low-grade (I–II) from high-grade (III–IV) tumors on a per-patient basis.

RESULTS: For whole tumors, significant correlations were found between GE rCBV and grade ( P &lt; .0001) and between mVD and grade ( P = .0001) but not between SE rCBV and grade ( P = .08). For areas of highest SE rCBV (microvascular hotspots), SE rCBV and tumor grade were significantly correlated ( P = .0007). In terms of differentiation, 69% of low-grade tumors and 96% of high-grade tumors were correctly classified.

CONCLUSION: Combined GE and SE MR imaging provides information consistent with neoplastic angiogenesis, demonstrating its potential to aid in optimizing treatments, categorizing lesions, and influencing patient care." />
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    <title>Characterization of a First-Pass Gradient-Echo Spin-Echo Method to Predict Brain Tumor Grade and Angiogenesis | American Journal of Neuroradiology</title>  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">BRAIN</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Characterization of a First-Pass Gradient-Echo Spin-Echo Method to Predict Brain Tumor Grade and Angiogenesis</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">Kathleen M. Schmainda</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">Scott D. Rand</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">Allen M. Joseph</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">Rebecca Lund</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">B. Doug Ward</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">Arvind P. Pathak</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">John L. Ulmer</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">Michael A. Baddrudoja</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">Hendrikus G. J. Krouwer</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">October 2004,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">25 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(9) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1524-1532; </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-10863--61613119501" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Kathleen M. 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 25</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 9 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Oct 2004 </div></div>
      
      
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Oct 2004, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">25 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(9) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1524-1532; </span></div>
  
  
  
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