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<meta name="DC.Title" content="MR Imaging of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using Ultra-Small-Particle Iron Oxide and Compared with Gadolinium" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2006-05-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions are characterized by microglia activation and infiltration of T cells, B cells, and macrophages across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model of MS, previous MR imaging investigations with a new contrast agent ultra-small-particle iron oxide (USPIO) that accumulates in phagocytic cells revealed in vivo the presence of macrophage brain infiltration. The goal of this study was to characterize MS lesions with the use of this contrast agent.

METHODS: A prospective MR imaging study of 10 patients with MS in acute relapses was achieved by using USPIO and gadolinium.

RESULTS: Twenty-four hours after USPIO injection, 33 acute MS lesions in 9 patients showed USPIO uptake. Lesions were seen as high signal intensities on T1-weighted images and low signal intensities on T2-weighted images. Gadolinium enhancement was seen in 31 of these lesions in 7 patients. These 7 patients presented 24 gadolinium-enhanced lesions that did not enhance with USPIO. Two patients showed USPIO-enhanced lesions but no gadolinium-enhanced lesions.

CONCLUSION: Taken together with earlier findings obtained in experimental models or in human stroke, the visualization of macrophage activity in vivo with USPIO characterize a distinct cellular and inflammatory event of the dynamic process of MS lesion formation. The macrophage activity information obtained with USPIO is distinct and complementary to the increased BBB permeability seen with gadolinium." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="V. Dousset" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B. Brochet" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.S.A. Deloire" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L. Lagoarde" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B. Barroso" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.-M. Caille" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="K.G. Petry" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2006-05-01" />
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<meta name="citation_title" content="MR Imaging of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using Ultra-Small-Particle Iron Oxide and Compared with Gadolinium" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/b&gt; Inflammatory multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions are characterized by microglia activation and infiltration of T cells, B cells, and macrophages across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model of MS, previous MR imaging investigations with a new contrast agent ultra-small-particle iron oxide (USPIO) that accumulates in phagocytic cells revealed in vivo the presence of macrophage brain infiltration. The goal of this study was to characterize MS lesions with the use of this contrast agent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS:&lt;/b&gt; A prospective MR imaging study of 10 patients with MS in acute relapses was achieved by using USPIO and gadolinium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/b&gt; Twenty-four hours after USPIO injection, 33 acute MS lesions in 9 patients showed USPIO uptake. Lesions were seen as high signal intensities on T1-weighted images and low signal intensities on T2-weighted images. Gadolinium enhancement was seen in 31 of these lesions in 7 patients. These 7 patients presented 24 gadolinium-enhanced lesions that did not enhance with USPIO. Two patients showed USPIO-enhanced lesions but no gadolinium-enhanced lesions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/b&gt; Taken together with earlier findings obtained in experimental models or in human stroke, the visualization of macrophage activity in vivo with USPIO characterize a distinct cellular and inflammatory event of the dynamic process of MS lesion formation. The macrophage activity information obtained with USPIO is distinct and complementary to the increased BBB permeability seen with gadolinium.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="MR Imaging of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using Ultra-Small-Particle Iron Oxide and Compared with Gadolinium" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions are characterized by microglia activation and infiltration of T cells, B cells, and macrophages across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model of MS, previous MR imaging investigations with a new contrast agent ultra-small-particle iron oxide (USPIO) that accumulates in phagocytic cells revealed in vivo the presence of macrophage brain infiltration. The goal of this study was to characterize MS lesions with the use of this contrast agent.

METHODS: A prospective MR imaging study of 10 patients with MS in acute relapses was achieved by using USPIO and gadolinium.

RESULTS: Twenty-four hours after USPIO injection, 33 acute MS lesions in 9 patients showed USPIO uptake. Lesions were seen as high signal intensities on T1-weighted images and low signal intensities on T2-weighted images. Gadolinium enhancement was seen in 31 of these lesions in 7 patients. These 7 patients presented 24 gadolinium-enhanced lesions that did not enhance with USPIO. Two patients showed USPIO-enhanced lesions but no gadolinium-enhanced lesions.

CONCLUSION: Taken together with earlier findings obtained in experimental models or in human stroke, the visualization of macrophage activity in vivo with USPIO characterize a distinct cellular and inflammatory event of the dynamic process of MS lesion formation. The macrophage activity information obtained with USPIO is distinct and complementary to the increased BBB permeability seen with gadolinium." />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions are characterized by microglia activation and infiltration of T cells, B cells, and macrophages across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model of MS, previous MR imaging investigations with a new contrast agent ultra-small-particle iron oxide (USPIO) that accumulates in phagocytic cells revealed in vivo the presence of macrophage brain infiltration. The goal of this study was to characterize MS lesions with the use of this contrast agent.

METHODS: A prospective MR imaging study of 10 patients with MS in acute relapses was achieved by using USPIO and gadolinium.

RESULTS: Twenty-four hours after USPIO injection, 33 acute MS lesions in 9 patients showed USPIO uptake. Lesions were seen as high signal intensities on T1-weighted images and low signal intensities on T2-weighted images. Gadolinium enhancement was seen in 31 of these lesions in 7 patients. These 7 patients presented 24 gadolinium-enhanced lesions that did not enhance with USPIO. Two patients showed USPIO-enhanced lesions but no gadolinium-enhanced lesions.

CONCLUSION: Taken together with earlier findings obtained in experimental models or in human stroke, the visualization of macrophage activity in vivo with USPIO characterize a distinct cellular and inflammatory event of the dynamic process of MS lesion formation. The macrophage activity information obtained with USPIO is distinct and complementary to the increased BBB permeability seen with gadolinium." />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">MR Imaging of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using Ultra-Small-Particle Iron Oxide and Compared with Gadolinium</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">V. Dousset</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">B. Brochet</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">M.S.A. Deloire</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">L. Lagoarde</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">B. Barroso</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">J.-M. Caille</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">K.G. Petry</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">May 2006,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">27 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(5) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1000-1005; </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-7098--6699076587" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">V. Dousset </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=V.%2BDousset%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Dousset%20V&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AV.%2BDousset%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">B. 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