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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Caudate Nucleus Volumes in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Differential Atrophy in Subtypes" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A1168" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2008-09-01" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Frontostriatal circuits involving the caudate nucleus have been implicated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). We assessed caudate nucleus volumetrics in FTLD and subtypes: frontotemporal dementia (FTD, n = 12), semantic dementia (SD, n = 13), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA, n = 9) in comparison with healthy controls ( n = 27) and subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD, n = 19).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diagnoses were based on accepted clinical criteria. Manual volume measurement of the head and body of the caudate, excluding the tail, was conducted on T1-weighted brain MR imaging scans, using a published protocol, by a single analyst blinded to the diagnosis.

RESULTS: Paired t tests ( P &lt; .05) showed that the right caudate nucleus volume was significantly larger than the left in controls and PNFA. No hemispheric asymmetry was found in AD, FTD, and SD. Across the groups, there was a positive partial correlation between the left caudate nucleus volume and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores ( r = 0.393, n = 76, P = .001) with higher left caudate volumes associated with higher MMSE scores. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to assess the statistical significance between the subject groups (AD, FTD, SD, PNFA, and controls) as independent variables and raw right/left caudate volumes at the within-subject level (covariates: age and intracranial volume; P &lt; .05). Control volume was largest, followed by AD (93% of control volume), SD (92%), PNFA (79%), and FTD (75%).

CONCLUSIONS: Volume of the head and body of the caudate nucleus differs in subtypes of FTLD, due to differential frontostriatal dysfunction in subtypes being reflected in structural change in the caudate, and is correlated with cognition." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.C.L. Looi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="O. Lindberg" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B.B. Zandbelt" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P. Östberg" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C. Andersen" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L. Botes" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L. Svensson" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L.-O. Wahlund" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2008-09-01" />
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<meta name="citation_title" content="Caudate Nucleus Volumes in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Differential Atrophy in Subtypes" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/b&gt; Frontostriatal circuits involving the caudate nucleus have been implicated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). We assessed caudate nucleus volumetrics in FTLD and subtypes: frontotemporal dementia (FTD, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 12), semantic dementia (SD, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 13), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 9) in comparison with healthy controls (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 27) and subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 19).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/b&gt; Diagnoses were based on accepted clinical criteria. Manual volume measurement of the head and body of the caudate, excluding the tail, was conducted on T1-weighted brain MR imaging scans, using a published protocol, by a single analyst blinded to the diagnosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/b&gt; Paired &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; tests (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .05) showed that the right caudate nucleus volume was significantly larger than the left in controls and PNFA. No hemispheric asymmetry was found in AD, FTD, and SD. Across the groups, there was a positive partial correlation between the left caudate nucleus volume and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.393, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 76, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .001) with higher left caudate volumes associated with higher MMSE scores. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to assess the statistical significance between the subject groups (AD, FTD, SD, PNFA, and controls) as independent variables and raw right/left caudate volumes at the within-subject level (covariates: age and intracranial volume; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .05). Control volume was largest, followed by AD (93% of control volume), SD (92%), PNFA (79%), and FTD (75%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/b&gt; Volume of the head and body of the caudate nucleus differs in subtypes of FTLD, due to differential frontostriatal dysfunction in subtypes being reflected in structural change in the caudate, and is correlated with cognition.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Caudate Nucleus Volumes in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Differential Atrophy in Subtypes" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Frontostriatal circuits involving the caudate nucleus have been implicated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). We assessed caudate nucleus volumetrics in FTLD and subtypes: frontotemporal dementia (FTD, n = 12), semantic dementia (SD, n = 13), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA, n = 9) in comparison with healthy controls ( n = 27) and subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD, n = 19).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diagnoses were based on accepted clinical criteria. Manual volume measurement of the head and body of the caudate, excluding the tail, was conducted on T1-weighted brain MR imaging scans, using a published protocol, by a single analyst blinded to the diagnosis.

RESULTS: Paired t tests ( P &lt; .05) showed that the right caudate nucleus volume was significantly larger than the left in controls and PNFA. No hemispheric asymmetry was found in AD, FTD, and SD. Across the groups, there was a positive partial correlation between the left caudate nucleus volume and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores ( r = 0.393, n = 76, P = .001) with higher left caudate volumes associated with higher MMSE scores. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to assess the statistical significance between the subject groups (AD, FTD, SD, PNFA, and controls) as independent variables and raw right/left caudate volumes at the within-subject level (covariates: age and intracranial volume; P &lt; .05). Control volume was largest, followed by AD (93% of control volume), SD (92%), PNFA (79%), and FTD (75%).

CONCLUSIONS: Volume of the head and body of the caudate nucleus differs in subtypes of FTLD, due to differential frontostriatal dysfunction in subtypes being reflected in structural change in the caudate, and is correlated with cognition." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Caudate Nucleus Volumes in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Differential Atrophy in Subtypes" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/29/8/1537" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Frontostriatal circuits involving the caudate nucleus have been implicated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). We assessed caudate nucleus volumetrics in FTLD and subtypes: frontotemporal dementia (FTD, n = 12), semantic dementia (SD, n = 13), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA, n = 9) in comparison with healthy controls ( n = 27) and subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD, n = 19).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diagnoses were based on accepted clinical criteria. Manual volume measurement of the head and body of the caudate, excluding the tail, was conducted on T1-weighted brain MR imaging scans, using a published protocol, by a single analyst blinded to the diagnosis.

RESULTS: Paired t tests ( P &lt; .05) showed that the right caudate nucleus volume was significantly larger than the left in controls and PNFA. No hemispheric asymmetry was found in AD, FTD, and SD. Across the groups, there was a positive partial correlation between the left caudate nucleus volume and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores ( r = 0.393, n = 76, P = .001) with higher left caudate volumes associated with higher MMSE scores. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to assess the statistical significance between the subject groups (AD, FTD, SD, PNFA, and controls) as independent variables and raw right/left caudate volumes at the within-subject level (covariates: age and intracranial volume; P &lt; .05). Control volume was largest, followed by AD (93% of control volume), SD (92%), PNFA (79%), and FTD (75%).

CONCLUSIONS: Volume of the head and body of the caudate nucleus differs in subtypes of FTLD, due to differential frontostriatal dysfunction in subtypes being reflected in structural change in the caudate, and is correlated with cognition." />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Caudate Nucleus Volumes in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Differential Atrophy in Subtypes</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">J.C.L. Looi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">O. Lindberg</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">B.B. Zandbelt</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">P. Östberg</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">C. Andersen</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">L. Botes</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">L. Svensson</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">L.-O. Wahlund</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">September 2008,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1537-1543; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A1168 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-8394--6542702322" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.C.L. Looi </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.C.L.%2BLooi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Looi%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.C.L.%2BLooi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">O. 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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Caudate Nucleus Volumes in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Differential Atrophy in Subtypes</div>  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Sep 2008, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1537-1543; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1168 </span></div>
  
  
  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.C.L.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Looi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">O.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Lindberg</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zandbelt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Östberg</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Andersen</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Botes</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Svensson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.-O.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Wahlund</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Sep 2008, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1537-1543; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1168 </span></div>
  
  
  
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