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<meta name="DC.Description" content="SUMMARY: Encephalopathy is an uncommon complication of childhood influenza infection, typically recognized during influenza epidemics. Imaging hallmarks include characteristic thalamic lesions, thalamic necrosis and hemispheric edema. We describe a child with acute influenza A associated necrotizing encephalopathy with MR angiographic evidence of significant cerebral vasculopathy and a hemispheric edema pattern consistent with PRES. This case reinforces that significant cerebral vasculopathy can accompany influenza infection and that influenza is a likely trigger for PRES.

ADEM
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ANE
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MIP
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PCA
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PCR
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PRES
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RBC
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TNF
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WBC
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&lt;p&gt;Encephalopathy is an uncommon complication of childhood influenza infection, typically recognized during influenza epidemics. Imaging hallmarks include characteristic thalamic lesions, thalamic necrosis and hemispheric edema. We describe a child with acute influenza A associated necrotizing encephalopathy with MR angiographic evidence of significant cerebral vasculopathy and a hemispheric edema pattern consistent with PRES. This case reinforces that significant cerebral vasculopathy can accompany influenza infection and that influenza is a likely trigger for PRES.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Influenza A Encephalopathy, Cerebral Vasculopathy, and Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Combined Occurrence in a 3-Year-Old Child" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="SUMMARY: Encephalopathy is an uncommon complication of childhood influenza infection, typically recognized during influenza epidemics. Imaging hallmarks include characteristic thalamic lesions, thalamic necrosis and hemispheric edema. We describe a child with acute influenza A associated necrotizing encephalopathy with MR angiographic evidence of significant cerebral vasculopathy and a hemispheric edema pattern consistent with PRES. This case reinforces that significant cerebral vasculopathy can accompany influenza infection and that influenza is a likely trigger for PRES.

ADEM
:   acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
ANE
:   acute necrotizing encephalopathy
MIP
:   maximum intensity projection
PCA
:   posterior cerebral artery
PCR
:   polymerase chain reaction
PRES
:   posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
RBC
:   red blood cell count
TNF
:   tumor necrosis factor
WBC
:   white blood cell count" />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="SUMMARY: Encephalopathy is an uncommon complication of childhood influenza infection, typically recognized during influenza epidemics. Imaging hallmarks include characteristic thalamic lesions, thalamic necrosis and hemispheric edema. We describe a child with acute influenza A associated necrotizing encephalopathy with MR angiographic evidence of significant cerebral vasculopathy and a hemispheric edema pattern consistent with PRES. This case reinforces that significant cerebral vasculopathy can accompany influenza infection and that influenza is a likely trigger for PRES.

ADEM
:   acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
ANE
:   acute necrotizing encephalopathy
MIP
:   maximum intensity projection
PCA
:   posterior cerebral artery
PCR
:   polymerase chain reaction
PRES
:   posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
RBC
:   red blood cell count
TNF
:   tumor necrosis factor
WBC
:   white blood cell count" />
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<p id="p-1"><strong>SUMMARY:</strong> Encephalopathy is an uncommon complication of childhood influenza infection, typically recognized during influenza epidemics. Imaging hallmarks include characteristic thalamic lesions, thalamic necrosis and hemispheric edema. We describe a child with acute influenza A associated necrotizing encephalopathy with MR angiographic evidence of significant cerebral vasculopathy and a hemispheric edema pattern consistent with PRES. This case reinforces that significant cerebral vasculopathy can accompany influenza infection and that influenza is a likely trigger for PRES.</p>
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</div><div class="section glossary" id="glossary-1"><h2>Abbreviations</h2><dl id="def-list-1"><dt id="def-item-1">ADEM<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>acute disseminated encephalomyelitis<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-2">ANE<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>acute necrotizing encephalopathy<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-3">MIP<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>maximum intensity projection<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-4">PCA<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>posterior cerebral artery<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-5">PCR<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>polymerase chain reaction<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-6">PRES<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-7">RBC<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>red blood cell count<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-8">TNF<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>tumor necrosis factor<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-9">WBC<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>white blood cell count</dd></dl></div><ul class="copyright-statement"><li class="fn" id="copyright-statement-1">Copyright © American Society of Neuroradiology</li></ul><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-end"></span></div><span class="related-urls"></span></div><a href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/31/8/1443.full" class="hw-link hw-link-article-full-text" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">View Full Text</a></div>  </div>

  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Influenza A Encephalopathy, Cerebral Vasculopathy, and Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Combined Occurrence in a 3-Year-Old Child</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">W.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bartynski</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.R.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Upadhyaya</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Petropoulou</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Boardman</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Sep 2010, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">31 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1443-1446; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1903 </span></div>
  
  
  
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