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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Clinical Standardized fMRI Reveals Altered Language Lateralization in Patients with Brain Tumor" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A3137" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2012-12-01" />
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<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2012 by American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain tumors affecting language-relevant areas may influence language lateralization. The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate language lateralization in brain tumor patients using clinical language fMRI, comparing the results with a group of healthy volunteers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven strictly right-handed patients with left-hemispheric-space intracranial masses (mainly neoplastic) affecting either the Broca area ( n = 19) or Wernicke area ( n = 38) were prospectively enrolled in this study. Fourteen healthy volunteers served as a control group. Standardized clinical language fMRI, using visually triggered sentence- and word-generation paradigms, was performed on a 1.5T MR scanner. Semiautomated analyses of all functional data were conducted on an individual basis using BrainVoyager. A regional lateralization index was calculated for Broca and Wernicke areas separately versus their corresponding right-hemisphere homologs.

RESULTS: In masses affecting the Broca area, a significant decrease in the lateralization index was found when performing word generation ( P = .0017), whereas when applying sentence generation, the decrease did not reach statistical significance ( P = .851). Masses affecting the Wernicke area induced a significant decrease of the lateralization index when performing sentence generation ( P = .0007), whereas when applying word generation, the decrease was not statistically significant ( P = .310).

CONCLUSIONS: Clinical language fMRI was feasible for patients with brain tumors and provided relevant presurgical information by localizing essential language areas and determining language dominance. A significant effect of the brain masses on language lateralization was observed, with a shift toward the contralesional, nondominant hemisphere. This may reflect compensatory mechanisms of the brain to maintain communicative abilities.

BOLD
:   blood oxygen level–dependent
BR
:   Broca right
HRF
:   hemodynamic response function
LI
:   lateralization index
SG
:   sentence generation
WG
:   word generation
WHO
:   World Health Organization
WR
:   Wernicke right" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Partovi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B. Jacobi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="N. Rapps" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L. Zipp" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Karimi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="F. Rengier" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.K. Lyo" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C. Stippich" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2012-12-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Functional" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Clinical Standardized fMRI Reveals Altered Language Lateralization in Patients with Brain Tumor" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Brain tumors affecting language-relevant areas may influence language lateralization. The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate language lateralization in brain tumor patients using clinical language fMRI, comparing the results with a group of healthy volunteers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Fifty-seven strictly right-handed patients with left-hemispheric-space intracranial masses (mainly neoplastic) affecting either the Broca area (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 19) or Wernicke area (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 38) were prospectively enrolled in this study. Fourteen healthy volunteers served as a control group. Standardized clinical language fMRI, using visually triggered sentence- and word-generation paradigms, was performed on a 1.5T MR scanner. Semiautomated analyses of all functional data were conducted on an individual basis using BrainVoyager. A regional lateralization index was calculated for Broca and Wernicke areas separately versus their corresponding right-hemisphere homologs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In masses affecting the Broca area, a significant decrease in the lateralization index was found when performing word generation (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .0017), whereas when applying sentence generation, the decrease did not reach statistical significance (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .851). Masses affecting the Wernicke area induced a significant decrease of the lateralization index when performing sentence generation (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .0007), whereas when applying word generation, the decrease was not statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .310).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Clinical language fMRI was feasible for patients with brain tumors and provided relevant presurgical information by localizing essential language areas and determining language dominance. A significant effect of the brain masses on language lateralization was observed, with a shift toward the contralesional, nondominant hemisphere. This may reflect compensatory mechanisms of the brain to maintain communicative abilities.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2012/12/01" />
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<meta name="citation_volume" content="33" />
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<meta name="citation_firstpage" content="2151" />
<meta name="citation_lastpage" content="2157" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="S. Partovi" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="aFrom the Department of Neuroradiology (S.P., L.Z., F.R., C.S.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="bDepartment of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology (S.P., S.K., J.K.L.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="B. Jacobi" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="cClinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology (B.J.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="eDepartments of Internal Medicine V (B.J.), Neuroradiology (N.R., C.S.), and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (F.R.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="N. Rapps" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="dDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy (N.R.), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="eDepartments of Internal Medicine V (B.J.), Neuroradiology (N.R., C.S.), and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (F.R.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="L. Zipp" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="aFrom the Department of Neuroradiology (S.P., L.Z., F.R., C.S.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="S. Karimi" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="bDepartment of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology (S.P., S.K., J.K.L.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="F. Rengier" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="aFrom the Department of Neuroradiology (S.P., L.Z., F.R., C.S.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Clinical Standardized fMRI Reveals Altered Language Lateralization in Patients with Brain Tumor" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain tumors affecting language-relevant areas may influence language lateralization. The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate language lateralization in brain tumor patients using clinical language fMRI, comparing the results with a group of healthy volunteers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven strictly right-handed patients with left-hemispheric-space intracranial masses (mainly neoplastic) affecting either the Broca area ( n = 19) or Wernicke area ( n = 38) were prospectively enrolled in this study. Fourteen healthy volunteers served as a control group. Standardized clinical language fMRI, using visually triggered sentence- and word-generation paradigms, was performed on a 1.5T MR scanner. Semiautomated analyses of all functional data were conducted on an individual basis using BrainVoyager. A regional lateralization index was calculated for Broca and Wernicke areas separately versus their corresponding right-hemisphere homologs.

RESULTS: In masses affecting the Broca area, a significant decrease in the lateralization index was found when performing word generation ( P = .0017), whereas when applying sentence generation, the decrease did not reach statistical significance ( P = .851). Masses affecting the Wernicke area induced a significant decrease of the lateralization index when performing sentence generation ( P = .0007), whereas when applying word generation, the decrease was not statistically significant ( P = .310).

CONCLUSIONS: Clinical language fMRI was feasible for patients with brain tumors and provided relevant presurgical information by localizing essential language areas and determining language dominance. A significant effect of the brain masses on language lateralization was observed, with a shift toward the contralesional, nondominant hemisphere. This may reflect compensatory mechanisms of the brain to maintain communicative abilities.

BOLD
:   blood oxygen level–dependent
BR
:   Broca right
HRF
:   hemodynamic response function
LI
:   lateralization index
SG
:   sentence generation
WG
:   word generation
WHO
:   World Health Organization
WR
:   Wernicke right" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Clinical Standardized fMRI Reveals Altered Language Lateralization in Patients with Brain Tumor" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/33/11/2151" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain tumors affecting language-relevant areas may influence language lateralization. The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate language lateralization in brain tumor patients using clinical language fMRI, comparing the results with a group of healthy volunteers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven strictly right-handed patients with left-hemispheric-space intracranial masses (mainly neoplastic) affecting either the Broca area ( n = 19) or Wernicke area ( n = 38) were prospectively enrolled in this study. Fourteen healthy volunteers served as a control group. Standardized clinical language fMRI, using visually triggered sentence- and word-generation paradigms, was performed on a 1.5T MR scanner. Semiautomated analyses of all functional data were conducted on an individual basis using BrainVoyager. A regional lateralization index was calculated for Broca and Wernicke areas separately versus their corresponding right-hemisphere homologs.

RESULTS: In masses affecting the Broca area, a significant decrease in the lateralization index was found when performing word generation ( P = .0017), whereas when applying sentence generation, the decrease did not reach statistical significance ( P = .851). Masses affecting the Wernicke area induced a significant decrease of the lateralization index when performing sentence generation ( P = .0007), whereas when applying word generation, the decrease was not statistically significant ( P = .310).

CONCLUSIONS: Clinical language fMRI was feasible for patients with brain tumors and provided relevant presurgical information by localizing essential language areas and determining language dominance. A significant effect of the brain masses on language lateralization was observed, with a shift toward the contralesional, nondominant hemisphere. This may reflect compensatory mechanisms of the brain to maintain communicative abilities.

BOLD
:   blood oxygen level–dependent
BR
:   Broca right
HRF
:   hemodynamic response function
LI
:   lateralization index
SG
:   sentence generation
WG
:   word generation
WHO
:   World Health Organization
WR
:   Wernicke right" />
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      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Functional</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Clinical Standardized fMRI Reveals Altered Language Lateralization in Patients with Brain Tumor</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">S. Partovi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">B. Jacobi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">N. Rapps</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">L. Zipp</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">S. Karimi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">F. Rengier</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">J.K. Lyo</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">C. Stippich</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">December 2012,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">33 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2151-2157; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3137 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-12376--6236864119" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Partovi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neuroradiology (S.P., L.Z., F.R., C.S.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology (S.P., S.K., J.K.L.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BPartovi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Partovi%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BPartovi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">B. Jacobi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology (B.J.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Departments of Internal Medicine V (B.J.), Neuroradiology (N.R., C.S.), and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (F.R.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=B.%2BJacobi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Jacobi%20B&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AB.%2BJacobi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">N. Rapps </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy (N.R.), University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Departments of Internal Medicine V (B.J.), Neuroradiology (N.R., C.S.), and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (F.R.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=N.%2BRapps%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Rapps%20N&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AN.%2BRapps%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">L. Zipp </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neuroradiology (S.P., L.Z., F.R., C.S.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=L.%2BZipp%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zipp%20L&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AL.%2BZipp%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Karimi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology (S.P., S.K., J.K.L.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BKarimi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Karimi%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BKarimi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. Rengier </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neuroradiology (S.P., L.Z., F.R., C.S.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Departments of Internal Medicine V (B.J.), Neuroradiology (N.R., C.S.), and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (F.R.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=F.%2BRengier%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Rengier%20F&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AF.%2BRengier%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.K. Lyo </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology (S.P., S.K., J.K.L.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.K.%2BLyo%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Lyo%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.K.%2BLyo%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Stippich </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neuroradiology (S.P., L.Z., F.R., C.S.), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Departments of Internal Medicine V (B.J.), Neuroradiology (N.R., C.S.), and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (F.R.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. </div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BStippich%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Stippich%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BStippich%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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<p id="p-2"><strong>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</strong> Brain tumors affecting language-relevant areas may influence language lateralization. The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate language lateralization in brain tumor patients using clinical language fMRI, comparing the results with a group of healthy volunteers.</p>
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<p id="p-3"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> Fifty-seven strictly right-handed patients with left-hemispheric-space intracranial masses (mainly neoplastic) affecting either the Broca area (<em>n</em> = 19) or Wernicke area (<em>n</em> = 38) were prospectively enrolled in this study. Fourteen healthy volunteers served as a control group. Standardized clinical language fMRI, using visually triggered sentence- and word-generation paradigms, was performed on a 1.5T MR scanner. Semiautomated analyses of all functional data were conducted on an individual basis using BrainVoyager. A regional lateralization index was calculated for Broca and Wernicke areas separately versus their corresponding right-hemisphere homologs.</p>
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<p id="p-4"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> In masses affecting the Broca area, a significant decrease in the lateralization index was found when performing word generation (<em>P</em> = .0017), whereas when applying sentence generation, the decrease did not reach statistical significance (<em>P</em> = .851). Masses affecting the Wernicke area induced a significant decrease of the lateralization index when performing sentence generation (<em>P</em> = .0007), whereas when applying word generation, the decrease was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> = .310).</p>
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<p id="p-5"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Clinical language fMRI was feasible for patients with brain tumors and provided relevant presurgical information by localizing essential language areas and determining language dominance. A significant effect of the brain masses on language lateralization was observed, with a shift toward the contralesional, nondominant hemisphere. This may reflect compensatory mechanisms of the brain to maintain communicative abilities.</p>
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</div><div class="section glossary" id="glossary-1">
<h2>ABBREVIATIONS:</h2> 
<dl id="def-list-1"><dt id="def-item-1">BOLD<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>blood oxygen level–dependent<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-2">BR<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>Broca right<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-3">HRF<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>hemodynamic response function<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-4">LI<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>lateralization index<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-5">SG<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>sentence generation<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-6">WG<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>word generation<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-7">WHO<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>World Health Organization<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-8">WR<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>Wernicke right</dd></dl>
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Partovi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Jacobi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">N.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rapps</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zipp</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Karimi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rengier</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.K.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Lyo</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Stippich</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Dec 2012, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">33 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2151-2157; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A3137 </span></div>
  
  
  
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