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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Enhancement in Patients with Ischemic Stroke" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A3209" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2013-02-01" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammation of an atherosclerotic plaque is a well-known risk factor in the development of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. MR imaging is capable of characterizing inflammation by assessing plaque enhancement in both extracranial carotid arteries and coronary arteries. Our goal was to determine whether enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was present in the vessel supplying the territory of infarction by using high-resolution vessel wall MR imaging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: High-resolution vessel wall 3T MR imaging studies performed in 29 patients with ischemic stroke and intracranial vascular stenoses were reviewed for presence and strength of plaque enhancement.

RESULTS: Sixteen patients were studied during the acute phase (&lt;4 weeks from acute stroke), 5 patients in the subacute phase (4–12 weeks), and 8 patients in the chronic phase (&gt;12 weeks) of the ischemic injury. In all of the acute phase patients, atherosclerotic plaque in the vessel supplying the stroke territory demonstrated strong enhancement. There was a trend of decreasing enhancement as the time of imaging relative to the ischemic event increased.

CONCLUSIONS: Strong pathologic enhancement of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was seen in all patients imaged within 4 weeks of ischemic stroke in the vessel supplying the stroke territory. The strength and presence of enhancement of the atherosclerotic plaque decreased with increasing time after the ischemic event. These findings suggest a relationship between enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque and acute ischemic stroke." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Skarpathiotakis" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D.M. Mandell" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R.H. Swartz" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="G. Tomlinson" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D.J. Mikulis" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2013-02-01" />
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<meta name="citation_title" content="Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Enhancement in Patients with Ischemic Stroke" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Inflammation of an atherosclerotic plaque is a well-known risk factor in the development of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. MR imaging is capable of characterizing inflammation by assessing plaque enhancement in both extracranial carotid arteries and coronary arteries. Our goal was to determine whether enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was present in the vessel supplying the territory of infarction by using high-resolution vessel wall MR imaging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;High-resolution vessel wall 3T MR imaging studies performed in 29 patients with ischemic stroke and intracranial vascular stenoses were reviewed for presence and strength of plaque enhancement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sixteen patients were studied during the acute phase (&amp;lt;4 weeks from acute stroke), 5 patients in the subacute phase (4–12 weeks), and 8 patients in the chronic phase (&amp;gt;12 weeks) of the ischemic injury. In all of the acute phase patients, atherosclerotic plaque in the vessel supplying the stroke territory demonstrated strong enhancement. There was a trend of decreasing enhancement as the time of imaging relative to the ischemic event increased.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Strong pathologic enhancement of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was seen in all patients imaged within 4 weeks of ischemic stroke in the vessel supplying the stroke territory. The strength and presence of enhancement of the atherosclerotic plaque decreased with increasing time after the ischemic event. These findings suggest a relationship between enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque and acute ischemic stroke.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="M. Skarpathiotakis" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Enhancement in Patients with Ischemic Stroke" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammation of an atherosclerotic plaque is a well-known risk factor in the development of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. MR imaging is capable of characterizing inflammation by assessing plaque enhancement in both extracranial carotid arteries and coronary arteries. Our goal was to determine whether enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was present in the vessel supplying the territory of infarction by using high-resolution vessel wall MR imaging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: High-resolution vessel wall 3T MR imaging studies performed in 29 patients with ischemic stroke and intracranial vascular stenoses were reviewed for presence and strength of plaque enhancement.

RESULTS: Sixteen patients were studied during the acute phase (&lt;4 weeks from acute stroke), 5 patients in the subacute phase (4–12 weeks), and 8 patients in the chronic phase (&gt;12 weeks) of the ischemic injury. In all of the acute phase patients, atherosclerotic plaque in the vessel supplying the stroke territory demonstrated strong enhancement. There was a trend of decreasing enhancement as the time of imaging relative to the ischemic event increased.

CONCLUSIONS: Strong pathologic enhancement of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was seen in all patients imaged within 4 weeks of ischemic stroke in the vessel supplying the stroke territory. The strength and presence of enhancement of the atherosclerotic plaque decreased with increasing time after the ischemic event. These findings suggest a relationship between enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque and acute ischemic stroke." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Enhancement in Patients with Ischemic Stroke" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/34/2/299" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammation of an atherosclerotic plaque is a well-known risk factor in the development of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. MR imaging is capable of characterizing inflammation by assessing plaque enhancement in both extracranial carotid arteries and coronary arteries. Our goal was to determine whether enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was present in the vessel supplying the territory of infarction by using high-resolution vessel wall MR imaging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: High-resolution vessel wall 3T MR imaging studies performed in 29 patients with ischemic stroke and intracranial vascular stenoses were reviewed for presence and strength of plaque enhancement.

RESULTS: Sixteen patients were studied during the acute phase (&lt;4 weeks from acute stroke), 5 patients in the subacute phase (4–12 weeks), and 8 patients in the chronic phase (&gt;12 weeks) of the ischemic injury. In all of the acute phase patients, atherosclerotic plaque in the vessel supplying the stroke territory demonstrated strong enhancement. There was a trend of decreasing enhancement as the time of imaging relative to the ischemic event increased.

CONCLUSIONS: Strong pathologic enhancement of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was seen in all patients imaged within 4 weeks of ischemic stroke in the vessel supplying the stroke territory. The strength and presence of enhancement of the atherosclerotic plaque decreased with increasing time after the ischemic event. These findings suggest a relationship between enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque and acute ischemic stroke." />
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">M. Skarpathiotakis</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">D.M. Mandell</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">R.H. Swartz</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">G. Tomlinson</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">D.J. Mikulis</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">February 2013,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">34 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">299-304; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3209 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-12252--6998168518" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Skarpathiotakis </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BSkarpathiotakis%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Skarpathiotakis%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BSkarpathiotakis%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D.M. Mandell </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.M.%2BMandell%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Mandell%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.M.%2BMandell%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">R.H. Swartz </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=R.H.%2BSwartz%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Swartz%20R&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AR.H.%2BSwartz%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. Tomlinson </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BTomlinson%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Tomlinson%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BTomlinson%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D.J. Mikulis </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.J.%2BMikulis%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Mikulis%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.J.%2BMikulis%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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<p id="p-1"><strong>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</strong> Inflammation of an atherosclerotic plaque is a well-known risk factor in the development of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. MR imaging is capable of characterizing inflammation by assessing plaque enhancement in both extracranial carotid arteries and coronary arteries. Our goal was to determine whether enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was present in the vessel supplying the territory of infarction by using high-resolution vessel wall MR imaging.</p>
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<p id="p-2"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> High-resolution vessel wall 3T MR imaging studies performed in 29 patients with ischemic stroke and intracranial vascular stenoses were reviewed for presence and strength of plaque enhancement.</p>
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<p id="p-3"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Sixteen patients were studied during the acute phase (&lt;4 weeks from acute stroke), 5 patients in the subacute phase (4–12 weeks), and 8 patients in the chronic phase (&gt;12 weeks) of the ischemic injury. In all of the acute phase patients, atherosclerotic plaque in the vessel supplying the stroke territory demonstrated strong enhancement. There was a trend of decreasing enhancement as the time of imaging relative to the ischemic event increased.</p>
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<p id="p-4"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Strong pathologic enhancement of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque was seen in all patients imaged within 4 weeks of ischemic stroke in the vessel supplying the stroke territory. The strength and presence of enhancement of the atherosclerotic plaque decreased with increasing time after the ischemic event. These findings suggest a relationship between enhancing intracranial atherosclerotic plaque and acute ischemic stroke.</p>
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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 34</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 2 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Feb 2013 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Enhancement in Patients with Ischemic Stroke</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Skarpathiotakis</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mandell</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Swartz</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Tomlinson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mikulis</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Feb 2013, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">34 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">299-304; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A3209 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Enhancement in Patients with Ischemic Stroke</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Skarpathiotakis</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mandell</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Swartz</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Tomlinson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mikulis</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Feb 2013, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">34 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">299-304; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A3209 </span></div>
  
  
  
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