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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Juxtacortical Lesions and Cortical Thinning in Multiple Sclerosis" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A4485" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2015-12-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="restricted" />
<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The role of juxtacortical lesions in brain volume loss in multiple sclerosis has not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to explore the role of juxtacortical lesions on cortical atrophy and to investigate whether the presence of juxtacortical lesions is related to local cortical thinning in the early stages of MS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 131 patients with clinically isolated syndrome or with relapsing-remitting MS were scanned on a 3T system. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome were classified into 3 groups based on the presence and topography of brain lesions: no lesions ( n = 24), only non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 33), and juxtacortical lesions and non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 34). Patients with relapsing-remitting MS were classified into 2 groups: only non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 10) and with non–juxtacortical lesions and juxtacortical lesions ( n = 30). A juxtacortical lesion probability map was generated, and cortical thickness was measured by using FreeSurfer.

RESULTS: Juxtacortical lesion volume in relapsing-remitting MS was double that of patients with clinically isolated syndrome. The insula showed the highest density of juxtacortical lesions, followed by the temporal, parietal, frontal, and occipital lobes. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions showed significantly thinner cortices overall and in the parietal and temporal lobes compared with those with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The volume of subcortical structures (thalamus, pallidum, putamen, and accumbens) was significantly decreased in relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions compared with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The spatial distribution of juxtacortical lesions was not found to overlap with areas of cortical thinning.

CONCLUSIONS: Cortical thinning and subcortical gray matter volume loss in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting MS was related to the presence of juxtacortical lesions, though the cortical areas with the most marked thinning did not correspond to those with the largest number of juxtacortical lesions.

CIS
:   clinically isolated syndrome
CISj
:   CIS with juxtacortical lesion
CISn
:   CIS with normal brain MR imaging
CISnj
:   CIS without juxtacortical lesion
JL
:   juxtacortical lesion
JLV
:   juxtacortical lesion volume
LV
:   lesion volume
RRj
:   relapsing-remitting MS with JL
RRMS
:   relapsing-remitting MS
RRnj
:   relapsing-remitting MS without JL" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D. Pareto" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Sastre-Garriga" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C. Auger" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Y. Vives-Gilabert" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Delgado" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Tintoré" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="X. Montalban" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Rovira" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2015-12-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="ADULT BRAIN" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Juxtacortical Lesions and Cortical Thinning in Multiple Sclerosis" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The role of juxtacortical lesions in brain volume loss in multiple sclerosis has not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to explore the role of juxtacortical lesions on cortical atrophy and to investigate whether the presence of juxtacortical lesions is related to local cortical thinning in the early stages of MS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A total of 131 patients with clinically isolated syndrome or with relapsing-remitting MS were scanned on a 3T system. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome were classified into 3 groups based on the presence and topography of brain lesions: no lesions (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 24), only non–juxtacortical lesions (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 33), and juxtacortical lesions and non–juxtacortical lesions (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 34). Patients with relapsing-remitting MS were classified into 2 groups: only non–juxtacortical lesions (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10) and with non–juxtacortical lesions and juxtacortical lesions (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 30). A juxtacortical lesion probability map was generated, and cortical thickness was measured by using FreeSurfer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Juxtacortical lesion volume in relapsing-remitting MS was double that of patients with clinically isolated syndrome. The insula showed the highest density of juxtacortical lesions, followed by the temporal, parietal, frontal, and occipital lobes. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions showed significantly thinner cortices overall and in the parietal and temporal lobes compared with those with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The volume of subcortical structures (thalamus, pallidum, putamen, and accumbens) was significantly decreased in relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions compared with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The spatial distribution of juxtacortical lesions was not found to overlap with areas of cortical thinning.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cortical thinning and subcortical gray matter volume loss in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting MS was related to the presence of juxtacortical lesions, though the cortical areas with the most marked thinning did not correspond to those with the largest number of juxtacortical lesions.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Juxtacortical Lesions and Cortical Thinning in Multiple Sclerosis" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The role of juxtacortical lesions in brain volume loss in multiple sclerosis has not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to explore the role of juxtacortical lesions on cortical atrophy and to investigate whether the presence of juxtacortical lesions is related to local cortical thinning in the early stages of MS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 131 patients with clinically isolated syndrome or with relapsing-remitting MS were scanned on a 3T system. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome were classified into 3 groups based on the presence and topography of brain lesions: no lesions ( n = 24), only non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 33), and juxtacortical lesions and non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 34). Patients with relapsing-remitting MS were classified into 2 groups: only non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 10) and with non–juxtacortical lesions and juxtacortical lesions ( n = 30). A juxtacortical lesion probability map was generated, and cortical thickness was measured by using FreeSurfer.

RESULTS: Juxtacortical lesion volume in relapsing-remitting MS was double that of patients with clinically isolated syndrome. The insula showed the highest density of juxtacortical lesions, followed by the temporal, parietal, frontal, and occipital lobes. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions showed significantly thinner cortices overall and in the parietal and temporal lobes compared with those with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The volume of subcortical structures (thalamus, pallidum, putamen, and accumbens) was significantly decreased in relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions compared with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The spatial distribution of juxtacortical lesions was not found to overlap with areas of cortical thinning.

CONCLUSIONS: Cortical thinning and subcortical gray matter volume loss in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting MS was related to the presence of juxtacortical lesions, though the cortical areas with the most marked thinning did not correspond to those with the largest number of juxtacortical lesions.

CIS
:   clinically isolated syndrome
CISj
:   CIS with juxtacortical lesion
CISn
:   CIS with normal brain MR imaging
CISnj
:   CIS without juxtacortical lesion
JL
:   juxtacortical lesion
JLV
:   juxtacortical lesion volume
LV
:   lesion volume
RRj
:   relapsing-remitting MS with JL
RRMS
:   relapsing-remitting MS
RRnj
:   relapsing-remitting MS without JL" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Juxtacortical Lesions and Cortical Thinning in Multiple Sclerosis" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/36/12/2270" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The role of juxtacortical lesions in brain volume loss in multiple sclerosis has not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to explore the role of juxtacortical lesions on cortical atrophy and to investigate whether the presence of juxtacortical lesions is related to local cortical thinning in the early stages of MS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 131 patients with clinically isolated syndrome or with relapsing-remitting MS were scanned on a 3T system. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome were classified into 3 groups based on the presence and topography of brain lesions: no lesions ( n = 24), only non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 33), and juxtacortical lesions and non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 34). Patients with relapsing-remitting MS were classified into 2 groups: only non–juxtacortical lesions ( n = 10) and with non–juxtacortical lesions and juxtacortical lesions ( n = 30). A juxtacortical lesion probability map was generated, and cortical thickness was measured by using FreeSurfer.

RESULTS: Juxtacortical lesion volume in relapsing-remitting MS was double that of patients with clinically isolated syndrome. The insula showed the highest density of juxtacortical lesions, followed by the temporal, parietal, frontal, and occipital lobes. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions showed significantly thinner cortices overall and in the parietal and temporal lobes compared with those with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The volume of subcortical structures (thalamus, pallidum, putamen, and accumbens) was significantly decreased in relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions compared with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The spatial distribution of juxtacortical lesions was not found to overlap with areas of cortical thinning.

CONCLUSIONS: Cortical thinning and subcortical gray matter volume loss in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting MS was related to the presence of juxtacortical lesions, though the cortical areas with the most marked thinning did not correspond to those with the largest number of juxtacortical lesions.

CIS
:   clinically isolated syndrome
CISj
:   CIS with juxtacortical lesion
CISn
:   CIS with normal brain MR imaging
CISnj
:   CIS without juxtacortical lesion
JL
:   juxtacortical lesion
JLV
:   juxtacortical lesion volume
LV
:   lesion volume
RRj
:   relapsing-remitting MS with JL
RRMS
:   relapsing-remitting MS
RRnj
:   relapsing-remitting MS without JL" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node14303--5" data-node-nid="14303" id="top-node-14303--6169892203" data-pisa="ajnr;36/12/2270" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A4485" data-apath="/ajnr/36/12/2270.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">ADULT BRAIN</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Juxtacortical Lesions and Cortical Thinning in Multiple Sclerosis</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">D. Pareto</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">J. Sastre-Garriga</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">C. Auger</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">Y. Vives-Gilabert</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">J. Delgado</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">M. Tintoré</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">X. Montalban</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">A. Rovira</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">December 2015,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">36 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2270-2276; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4485 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-14303--6169892203" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D. Pareto </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From Unitat de Ressonància Magnètica (IDI), Servei de Radiologia (D.P., C.A., A.R.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.%2BPareto%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Pareto%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.%2BPareto%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Sastre-Garriga </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Servei de Neurologia/Neuroimmunologia, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat) (J.S.-G., M.T., X.M.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BSastre-Garriga%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Sastre-Garriga%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BSastre-Garriga%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Auger </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From Unitat de Ressonància Magnètica (IDI), Servei de Radiologia (D.P., C.A., A.R.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BAuger%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Auger%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BAuger%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Y. Vives-Gilabert </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, and Port d'Informació Científica (Y.V.-G., J.D.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Y.%2BVives-Gilabert%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Vives-Gilabert%20Y&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AY.%2BVives-Gilabert%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Delgado </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, and Port d'Informació Científica (Y.V.-G., J.D.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BDelgado%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Delgado%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BDelgado%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Tintoré </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Servei de Neurologia/Neuroimmunologia, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat) (J.S.-G., M.T., X.M.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BTintor%C3%A9%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Tintor%C3%A9%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BTintor%25C3%25A9%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">X. Montalban </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Servei de Neurologia/Neuroimmunologia, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat) (J.S.-G., M.T., X.M.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=X.%2BMontalban%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Montalban%20X&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AX.%2BMontalban%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Rovira </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From Unitat de Ressonància Magnètica (IDI), Servei de Radiologia (D.P., C.A., A.R.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BRovira%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Rovira%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BRovira%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" data-highwire-cite-ref-tooltip-instance="highwire_reflinks_tooltip" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div class="article abstract-view "><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-start"></span><div class="section abstract" id="abstract-1"><h2>Abstract</h2><div id="sec-1" class="subsection"><p id="p-1"><strong>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</strong> The role of juxtacortical lesions in brain volume loss in multiple sclerosis has not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to explore the role of juxtacortical lesions on cortical atrophy and to investigate whether the presence of juxtacortical lesions is related to local cortical thinning in the early stages of MS.</p></div><div id="sec-2" class="subsection"><p id="p-2"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> A total of 131 patients with clinically isolated syndrome or with relapsing-remitting MS were scanned on a 3T system. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome were classified into 3 groups based on the presence and topography of brain lesions: no lesions (<em>n</em> = 24), only non–juxtacortical lesions (<em>n</em> = 33), and juxtacortical lesions and non–juxtacortical lesions (<em>n</em> = 34). Patients with relapsing-remitting MS were classified into 2 groups: only non–juxtacortical lesions (<em>n</em> = 10) and with non–juxtacortical lesions and juxtacortical lesions (<em>n</em> = 30). A juxtacortical lesion probability map was generated, and cortical thickness was measured by using FreeSurfer.</p></div><div id="sec-3" class="subsection"><p id="p-3"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Juxtacortical lesion volume in relapsing-remitting MS was double that of patients with clinically isolated syndrome. The insula showed the highest density of juxtacortical lesions, followed by the temporal, parietal, frontal, and occipital lobes. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions showed significantly thinner cortices overall and in the parietal and temporal lobes compared with those with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The volume of subcortical structures (thalamus, pallidum, putamen, and accumbens) was significantly decreased in relapsing-remitting MS with juxtacortical lesions compared with clinically isolated syndrome with normal brain MR imaging. The spatial distribution of juxtacortical lesions was not found to overlap with areas of cortical thinning.</p></div><div id="sec-4" class="subsection"><p id="p-4"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Cortical thinning and subcortical gray matter volume loss in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting MS was related to the presence of juxtacortical lesions, though the cortical areas with the most marked thinning did not correspond to those with the largest number of juxtacortical lesions.</p></div></div><div class="section glossary" id="glossary-1"><h2 class="">ABBREVIATIONS:</h2><dl id="def-list-1"><dt id="def-item-1">CIS<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>clinically isolated syndrome<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-2">CISj<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>CIS with juxtacortical lesion<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-3">CISn<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>CIS with normal brain MR imaging<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-4">CISnj<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>CIS without juxtacortical lesion<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-5">JL<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>juxtacortical lesion<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-6">JLV<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>juxtacortical lesion volume<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-7">LV<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>lesion volume<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-8">RRj<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>relapsing-remitting MS with JL<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-9">RRMS<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>relapsing-remitting MS<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-10">RRnj<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>relapsing-remitting MS without JL</dd></dl></div><ul class="copyright-statement"><li class="fn" id="copyright-statement-1">© 2015 by American Journal of Neuroradiology</li></ul><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-end"></span></div><span class="related-urls"></span></div><a href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/36/12/2270.full" class="hw-link hw-link-article-full-text" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">View Full Text</a></div>  </div>

  
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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 36</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 12 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Dec 2015 </div></div>
      
      
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Dec 2015, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">36 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2270-2276; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4485 </span></div>
  
  
  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Dec 2015, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">36 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2270-2276; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4485 </span></div>
  
  
  
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