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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Physiologic Pineal Region, Choroid Plexus, and Dural Calcifications in the First Decade of Life" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A4153" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2015-03-01" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Calcifications of the pineal, habenula, choroid plexus, and dura are often physiologic. In the modern CT era with thin-section images and multiplanar reformats, intracranial calcifications have become more conspicuous. We aimed to discover the CT prevalence of pineal region, choroid plexus, and dural calcifications in the first decade of life.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five hundred head CTs from different patients (age range, 0–9 years) encountered during a consecutive 6-month period at a single academic children's hospital were reviewed retrospectively after excluding examinations with artifacts and pineal region masses/hemorrhage. All studies were performed on a 320-detector CT, with 0.5-mm collimation and a 512 × 512 matrix. Five-millimeter reformatted axial, sagittal, and coronal images were analyzed for location and extent of intracranial calcifications.

RESULTS: The mean age was 3.5 ± 5.7 years (range, 0–9 years). There were 285 males (57%) and 215 females (43%). Pineal calcifications were present in 5% ( n = 25; age range, 3.2–8.9 years; median, 7 years). Habenular calcifications were found in 10% ( n = 50; age range, 2.8–8.8 years; median, 7 years). Twelve percent ( n = 58) had choroid plexus calcifications, (age range, 0.1–8.8 years). Dural calcifications were rare, present in 1% ( n = 6; age range, 2.9–8.7 years).

CONCLUSIONS: Physiologic intracranial calcifications may be found in the first decade, principally in children older than 5 years. Most epithalamic calcifications are habenular. Pineal and habenular calcifications were never present in children younger than 3 and 2 years, respectively. Choroid plexus calcifications may be present in the very young. Dural calcifications are rare." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.T. Whitehead" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C. Oh" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Raju" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.F. Choudhri" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2015-03-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Pediatrics" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Physiologic Pineal Region, Choroid Plexus, and Dural Calcifications in the First Decade of Life" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Calcifications of the pineal, habenula, choroid plexus, and dura are often physiologic. In the modern CT era with thin-section images and multiplanar reformats, intracranial calcifications have become more conspicuous. We aimed to discover the CT prevalence of pineal region, choroid plexus, and dural calcifications in the first decade of life.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Five hundred head CTs from different patients (age range, 0–9 years) encountered during a consecutive 6-month period at a single academic children9s hospital were reviewed retrospectively after excluding examinations with artifacts and pineal region masses/hemorrhage. All studies were performed on a 320-detector CT, with 0.5-mm collimation and a 512 × 512 matrix. Five-millimeter reformatted axial, sagittal, and coronal images were analyzed for location and extent of intracranial calcifications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The mean age was 3.5 ± 5.7 years (range, 0–9 years). There were 285 males (57%) and 215 females (43%). Pineal calcifications were present in 5% (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 25; age range, 3.2–8.9 years; median, 7 years). Habenular calcifications were found in 10% (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 50; age range, 2.8–8.8 years; median, 7 years). Twelve percent (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 58) had choroid plexus calcifications, (age range, 0.1–8.8 years). Dural calcifications were rare, present in 1% (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 6; age range, 2.9–8.7 years).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Physiologic intracranial calcifications may be found in the first decade, principally in children older than 5 years. Most epithalamic calcifications are habenular. Pineal and habenular calcifications were never present in children younger than 3 and 2 years, respectively. Choroid plexus calcifications may be present in the very young. Dural calcifications are rare.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Physiologic Pineal Region, Choroid Plexus, and Dural Calcifications in the First Decade of Life" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Calcifications of the pineal, habenula, choroid plexus, and dura are often physiologic. In the modern CT era with thin-section images and multiplanar reformats, intracranial calcifications have become more conspicuous. We aimed to discover the CT prevalence of pineal region, choroid plexus, and dural calcifications in the first decade of life.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five hundred head CTs from different patients (age range, 0–9 years) encountered during a consecutive 6-month period at a single academic children's hospital were reviewed retrospectively after excluding examinations with artifacts and pineal region masses/hemorrhage. All studies were performed on a 320-detector CT, with 0.5-mm collimation and a 512 × 512 matrix. Five-millimeter reformatted axial, sagittal, and coronal images were analyzed for location and extent of intracranial calcifications.

RESULTS: The mean age was 3.5 ± 5.7 years (range, 0–9 years). There were 285 males (57%) and 215 females (43%). Pineal calcifications were present in 5% ( n = 25; age range, 3.2–8.9 years; median, 7 years). Habenular calcifications were found in 10% ( n = 50; age range, 2.8–8.8 years; median, 7 years). Twelve percent ( n = 58) had choroid plexus calcifications, (age range, 0.1–8.8 years). Dural calcifications were rare, present in 1% ( n = 6; age range, 2.9–8.7 years).

CONCLUSIONS: Physiologic intracranial calcifications may be found in the first decade, principally in children older than 5 years. Most epithalamic calcifications are habenular. Pineal and habenular calcifications were never present in children younger than 3 and 2 years, respectively. Choroid plexus calcifications may be present in the very young. Dural calcifications are rare." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Physiologic Pineal Region, Choroid Plexus, and Dural Calcifications in the First Decade of Life" />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Calcifications of the pineal, habenula, choroid plexus, and dura are often physiologic. In the modern CT era with thin-section images and multiplanar reformats, intracranial calcifications have become more conspicuous. We aimed to discover the CT prevalence of pineal region, choroid plexus, and dural calcifications in the first decade of life.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five hundred head CTs from different patients (age range, 0–9 years) encountered during a consecutive 6-month period at a single academic children's hospital were reviewed retrospectively after excluding examinations with artifacts and pineal region masses/hemorrhage. All studies were performed on a 320-detector CT, with 0.5-mm collimation and a 512 × 512 matrix. Five-millimeter reformatted axial, sagittal, and coronal images were analyzed for location and extent of intracranial calcifications.

RESULTS: The mean age was 3.5 ± 5.7 years (range, 0–9 years). There were 285 males (57%) and 215 females (43%). Pineal calcifications were present in 5% ( n = 25; age range, 3.2–8.9 years; median, 7 years). Habenular calcifications were found in 10% ( n = 50; age range, 2.8–8.8 years; median, 7 years). Twelve percent ( n = 58) had choroid plexus calcifications, (age range, 0.1–8.8 years). Dural calcifications were rare, present in 1% ( n = 6; age range, 2.9–8.7 years).

CONCLUSIONS: Physiologic intracranial calcifications may be found in the first decade, principally in children older than 5 years. Most epithalamic calcifications are habenular. Pineal and habenular calcifications were never present in children younger than 3 and 2 years, respectively. Choroid plexus calcifications may be present in the very young. Dural calcifications are rare." />
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      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Pediatrics</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Physiologic Pineal Region, Choroid Plexus, and Dural Calcifications in the First Decade of Life</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">M.T. Whitehead</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">C. Oh</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">A. Raju</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">A.F. Choudhri</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">March 2015,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">36 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(3) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">575-580; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4153 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-14016--61723730521" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.T. Whitehead </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (M.T.W., C.O., A.R., A.F.C.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Radiology (M.T.W., A.R., A.F.C.), Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Radiology (M.T.W.), Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.T.%2BWhitehead%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Whitehead%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.T.%2BWhitehead%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Oh </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (M.T.W., C.O., A.R., A.F.C.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BOh%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Oh%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BOh%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Raju </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (M.T.W., C.O., A.R., A.F.C.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Radiology (M.T.W., A.R., A.F.C.), Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BRaju%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Raju%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BRaju%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.F. Choudhri </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (M.T.W., C.O., A.R., A.F.C.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neurosurgery (A.F.C.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Radiology (M.T.W., A.R., A.F.C.), Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.F.%2BChoudhri%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Choudhri%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.F.%2BChoudhri%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3154-6319" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A.F. 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<p id="p-1"><strong>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</strong> Calcifications of the pineal, habenula, choroid plexus, and dura are often physiologic. In the modern CT era with thin-section images and multiplanar reformats, intracranial calcifications have become more conspicuous. We aimed to discover the CT prevalence of pineal region, choroid plexus, and dural calcifications in the first decade of life.</p>
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<p id="p-2"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> Five hundred head CTs from different patients (age range, 0–9 years) encountered during a consecutive 6-month period at a single academic children's hospital were reviewed retrospectively after excluding examinations with artifacts and pineal region masses/hemorrhage. All studies were performed on a 320-detector CT, with 0.5-mm collimation and a 512 × 512 matrix. Five-millimeter reformatted axial, sagittal, and coronal images were analyzed for location and extent of intracranial calcifications.</p>
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<p id="p-3"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The mean age was 3.5 ± 5.7 years (range, 0–9 years). There were 285 males (57%) and 215 females (43%). Pineal calcifications were present in 5% (<em>n</em> = 25; age range, 3.2–8.9 years; median, 7 years). Habenular calcifications were found in 10% (<em>n</em> = 50; age range, 2.8–8.8 years; median, 7 years). Twelve percent (<em>n</em> = 58) had choroid plexus calcifications, (age range, 0.1–8.8 years). Dural calcifications were rare, present in 1% (<em>n</em> = 6; age range, 2.9–8.7 years).</p>
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<p id="p-4"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Physiologic intracranial calcifications may be found in the first decade, principally in children older than 5 years. Most epithalamic calcifications are habenular. Pineal and habenular calcifications were never present in children younger than 3 and 2 years, respectively. Choroid plexus calcifications may be present in the very young. Dural calcifications are rare.</p>
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