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<meta name="DC.Description" content="SUMMARY: In recent months, organized medicine has been consumed by the anticipated transition to the 10th iteration of the International Classification of Disease system. Implementation has come and gone without the disruptive effects predicted by many. Despite the fundamental role the International Classification of Disease system plays in health care delivery and payment policy, few neuroradiologists are familiar with the history of its implementation and implications beyond coding for diseases.

CM
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CMS
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CPT
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ICD
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RUC
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WHO
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&lt;p&gt;In recent months, organized medicine has been consumed by the anticipated transition to the 10th iteration of the International Classification of Disease system. Implementation has come and gone without the disruptive effects predicted by many. Despite the fundamental role the International Classification of Disease system plays in health care delivery and payment policy, few neuroradiologists are familiar with the history of its implementation and implications beyond coding for diseases.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="ICD-10: History and Context" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="SUMMARY: In recent months, organized medicine has been consumed by the anticipated transition to the 10th iteration of the International Classification of Disease system. Implementation has come and gone without the disruptive effects predicted by many. Despite the fundamental role the International Classification of Disease system plays in health care delivery and payment policy, few neuroradiologists are familiar with the history of its implementation and implications beyond coding for diseases.

CM
:   Clinical Modification
CMS
:   Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
CPT
:   Current Procedural Terminology
ICD
:   International Classification of Disease
RUC
:   Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee
WHO
:   World Health Organization" />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="SUMMARY: In recent months, organized medicine has been consumed by the anticipated transition to the 10th iteration of the International Classification of Disease system. Implementation has come and gone without the disruptive effects predicted by many. Despite the fundamental role the International Classification of Disease system plays in health care delivery and payment policy, few neuroradiologists are familiar with the history of its implementation and implications beyond coding for diseases.

CM
:   Clinical Modification
CMS
:   Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
CPT
:   Current Procedural Terminology
ICD
:   International Classification of Disease
RUC
:   Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee
WHO
:   World Health Organization" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node14423--5" data-node-nid="14423" id="top-node-14423--61656790266" data-pisa="ajnr;37/4/596" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A4696" data-apath="/ajnr/37/4/596.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">ICD-10: History and Context</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">J.A. Hirsch</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">G. Nicola</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">G. McGinty</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">R.W. Liu</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">R.M. Barr</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">M.D. Chittle</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">L. Manchikanti</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">April 2016,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">37 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(4) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">596-599; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4696 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-14423--61656790266" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.A. Hirsch </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (J.A.H., R.W.L., M.D.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.A.%2BHirsch%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hirsch%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.A.%2BHirsch%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9594-8798" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.A. Hirsch</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. Nicola </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Radiology (G.N.), Hackensack Radiology Group, University Medical Center, River Edge, New Jersey</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BNicola%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Nicola%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BNicola%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3959-2069" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for G. Nicola</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. McGinty </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Radiology (G.M.), Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BMcGinty%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=McGinty%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BMcGinty%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6111-2514" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for G. McGinty</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">R.W. Liu </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (J.A.H., R.W.L., M.D.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=R.W.%2BLiu%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Liu%20R&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AR.W.%2BLiu%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7859-5452" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for R.W. Liu</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">R.M. Barr </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Mecklenburg Radiology Associates (R.M.B.), Charlotte, North Carolina</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=R.M.%2BBarr%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Barr%20R&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AR.M.%2BBarr%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9214-9448" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for R.M. Barr</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.D. Chittle </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (J.A.H., R.W.L., M.D.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.D.%2BChittle%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Chittle%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.D.%2BChittle%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-2552" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M.D. Chittle</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">L. Manchikanti </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (L.M.), Pain Management Center of Paducah, University of Louisville, Paducah, Kentucky.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=L.%2BManchikanti%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Manchikanti%20L&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AL.%2BManchikanti%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-9063" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for L. Manchikanti</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 37</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 4 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Apr 2016 </div></div>
      
      
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hirsch</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Nicola</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">McGinty</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.W.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Liu</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barr</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Chittle</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Manchikanti</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Apr 2016, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">37 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(4) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">596-599; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4696 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">ICD-10: History and Context</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hirsch</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Nicola</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">McGinty</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.W.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Liu</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barr</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Chittle</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Manchikanti</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Apr 2016, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">37 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(4) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">596-599; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4696 </span></div>
  
  
  
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