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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Brain Injury Lesion Imaging Using Preconditioned Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping without Skull Stripping" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A5550" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2018-04-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="open-access" />
<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Identifying cerebral microhemorrhage burden can aid in the diagnosis and management of traumatic brain injury, stroke, hypertension, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. MR imaging susceptibility-based methods are more sensitive than CT for detecting cerebral microhemorrhage, but methods other than quantitative susceptibility mapping provide results that vary with field strength and TE, require additional phase maps to distinguish blood from calcification, and depict cerebral microhemorrhages as bloom artifacts. Quantitative susceptibility mapping provides universal quantification of tissue magnetic property without these constraints but traditionally requires a mask generated by skull-stripping, which can pose challenges at tissue interphases. We evaluated the preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging method, which does not require skull-stripping, for improved depiction of brain parenchyma and pathology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six subjects underwent brain MR imaging with a 3D multiecho gradient recalled echo acquisition. Mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping images were created using a commonly used mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping method, and preconditioned quantitative susceptibility images were made using precondition-based total field inversion. All images were reviewed by a neuroradiologist and a radiology resident.

RESULTS: Ten subjects (18%), all with traumatic brain injury, demonstrated blood products on 3D gradient recalled echo imaging. All lesions were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping, while 6 were not visible on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Thirty-one subjects (55%) demonstrated brain parenchyma and/or lesions that were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping but not on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Six subjects (11%) demonstrated pons artifacts on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping and mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping; they were worse on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping.

CONCLUSIONS: Preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging can bring the benefits of quantitative susceptibility mapping imaging to clinical practice without the limitations of mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping, especially for evaluating cerebral microhemorrhage–associated pathologies, such as traumatic brain injury.

CMH
:   cerebral microhemorrhage
GRE
:   gradient recalled-echo
mQSM
:   mask-based QSM
pQSM
:   preconditioned QSM
QSM
:   quantitative susceptibility mapping
TBI
:   traumatic brain injury" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Soman" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Z. Liu" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="G. Kim" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="U. Nemec" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S.J. Holdsworth" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="K. Main" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B. Lee" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Kolakowsky-Hayner" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Selim" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.J. Furst" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P. Massaband" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Yesavage" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.M. Adamson" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P. Spincemallie" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Moseley" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Y. Wang" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2018-04-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="ADULT BRAIN" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Brain Injury Lesion Imaging Using Preconditioned Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping without Skull Stripping" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Identifying cerebral microhemorrhage burden can aid in the diagnosis and management of traumatic brain injury, stroke, hypertension, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. MR imaging susceptibility-based methods are more sensitive than CT for detecting cerebral microhemorrhage, but methods other than quantitative susceptibility mapping provide results that vary with field strength and TE, require additional phase maps to distinguish blood from calcification, and depict cerebral microhemorrhages as bloom artifacts. Quantitative susceptibility mapping provides universal quantification of tissue magnetic property without these constraints but traditionally requires a mask generated by skull-stripping, which can pose challenges at tissue interphases. We evaluated the preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging method, which does not require skull-stripping, for improved depiction of brain parenchyma and pathology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Fifty-six subjects underwent brain MR imaging with a 3D multiecho gradient recalled echo acquisition. Mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping images were created using a commonly used mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping method, and preconditioned quantitative susceptibility images were made using precondition-based total field inversion. All images were reviewed by a neuroradiologist and a radiology resident.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ten subjects (18%), all with traumatic brain injury, demonstrated blood products on 3D gradient recalled echo imaging. All lesions were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping, while 6 were not visible on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Thirty-one subjects (55%) demonstrated brain parenchyma and/or lesions that were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping but not on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Six subjects (11%) demonstrated pons artifacts on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping and mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping; they were worse on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging can bring the benefits of quantitative susceptibility mapping imaging to clinical practice without the limitations of mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping, especially for evaluating cerebral microhemorrhage–associated pathologies, such as traumatic brain injury.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="S. Soman" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Brain Injury Lesion Imaging Using Preconditioned Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping without Skull Stripping" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Identifying cerebral microhemorrhage burden can aid in the diagnosis and management of traumatic brain injury, stroke, hypertension, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. MR imaging susceptibility-based methods are more sensitive than CT for detecting cerebral microhemorrhage, but methods other than quantitative susceptibility mapping provide results that vary with field strength and TE, require additional phase maps to distinguish blood from calcification, and depict cerebral microhemorrhages as bloom artifacts. Quantitative susceptibility mapping provides universal quantification of tissue magnetic property without these constraints but traditionally requires a mask generated by skull-stripping, which can pose challenges at tissue interphases. We evaluated the preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging method, which does not require skull-stripping, for improved depiction of brain parenchyma and pathology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six subjects underwent brain MR imaging with a 3D multiecho gradient recalled echo acquisition. Mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping images were created using a commonly used mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping method, and preconditioned quantitative susceptibility images were made using precondition-based total field inversion. All images were reviewed by a neuroradiologist and a radiology resident.

RESULTS: Ten subjects (18%), all with traumatic brain injury, demonstrated blood products on 3D gradient recalled echo imaging. All lesions were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping, while 6 were not visible on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Thirty-one subjects (55%) demonstrated brain parenchyma and/or lesions that were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping but not on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Six subjects (11%) demonstrated pons artifacts on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping and mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping; they were worse on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping.

CONCLUSIONS: Preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging can bring the benefits of quantitative susceptibility mapping imaging to clinical practice without the limitations of mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping, especially for evaluating cerebral microhemorrhage–associated pathologies, such as traumatic brain injury.

CMH
:   cerebral microhemorrhage
GRE
:   gradient recalled-echo
mQSM
:   mask-based QSM
pQSM
:   preconditioned QSM
QSM
:   quantitative susceptibility mapping
TBI
:   traumatic brain injury" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Brain Injury Lesion Imaging Using Preconditioned Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping without Skull Stripping" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/39/4/648" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Identifying cerebral microhemorrhage burden can aid in the diagnosis and management of traumatic brain injury, stroke, hypertension, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. MR imaging susceptibility-based methods are more sensitive than CT for detecting cerebral microhemorrhage, but methods other than quantitative susceptibility mapping provide results that vary with field strength and TE, require additional phase maps to distinguish blood from calcification, and depict cerebral microhemorrhages as bloom artifacts. Quantitative susceptibility mapping provides universal quantification of tissue magnetic property without these constraints but traditionally requires a mask generated by skull-stripping, which can pose challenges at tissue interphases. We evaluated the preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging method, which does not require skull-stripping, for improved depiction of brain parenchyma and pathology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six subjects underwent brain MR imaging with a 3D multiecho gradient recalled echo acquisition. Mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping images were created using a commonly used mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping method, and preconditioned quantitative susceptibility images were made using precondition-based total field inversion. All images were reviewed by a neuroradiologist and a radiology resident.

RESULTS: Ten subjects (18%), all with traumatic brain injury, demonstrated blood products on 3D gradient recalled echo imaging. All lesions were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping, while 6 were not visible on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Thirty-one subjects (55%) demonstrated brain parenchyma and/or lesions that were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping but not on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Six subjects (11%) demonstrated pons artifacts on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping and mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping; they were worse on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping.

CONCLUSIONS: Preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging can bring the benefits of quantitative susceptibility mapping imaging to clinical practice without the limitations of mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping, especially for evaluating cerebral microhemorrhage–associated pathologies, such as traumatic brain injury.

CMH
:   cerebral microhemorrhage
GRE
:   gradient recalled-echo
mQSM
:   mask-based QSM
pQSM
:   preconditioned QSM
QSM
:   quantitative susceptibility mapping
TBI
:   traumatic brain injury" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node60159--5" data-node-nid="60159" id="top-node-60159--6414115125" data-pisa="ajnr;39/4/648" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A5550" data-apath="/ajnr/39/4/648.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">ADULT BRAIN</span></span></div>
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><i class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access open-access hw-icon-open-access" title="Open Access" aria-hidden="true"></i><span  class="element-invisible highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access" style="">Open Access</span></span></div>
  
      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Brain Injury Lesion Imaging Using Preconditioned Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping without Skull Stripping</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">S. Soman</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">Z. Liu</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">G. Kim</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">U. Nemec</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">S.J. Holdsworth</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">K. Main</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">B. Lee</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">S. Kolakowsky-Hayner</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">M. Selim</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">A.J. Furst</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10">P. Massaband</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11">J. Yesavage</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12">M.M. Adamson</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13">P. Spincemallie</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="14">M. Moseley</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="15">Y. Wang</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">April 2018,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">39 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(4) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">648-653; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5550 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-60159--6414115125" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Soman </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (S.S., G.K., B.L.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BSoman%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Soman%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BSoman%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5887-0717" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for S. Soman</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Z. Liu </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.L., Y.W.), Cornell University, New York, New York</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Z.%2BLiu%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Liu%20Z&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AZ.%2BLiu%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7652-5215" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Z. Liu</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. Kim </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (S.S., G.K., B.L.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BKim%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kim%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BKim%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-9986" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for G. Kim</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">U. Nemec </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (U.N.), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=U.%2BNemec%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Nemec%20U&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AU.%2BNemec%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2804-043X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for U. Nemec</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S.J. Holdsworth </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Departments of Radiology (S.J.H., P.M., M.M.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.J.%2BHoldsworth%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Holdsworth%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.J.%2BHoldsworth%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2929-1169" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for S.J. Holdsworth</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">K. Main </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>h</span>Research Division, Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (K.M.), General Dynamics Health Solutions, Silver Spring, Maryland</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=K.%2BMain%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Main%20K&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AK.%2BMain%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-4447" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for K. Main</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">B. Lee </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (S.S., G.K., B.L.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=B.%2BLee%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Lee%20B&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AB.%2BLee%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6879-3778" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for B. Lee</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Kolakowsky-Hayner </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>i</span>Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (S.K.-H.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BKolakowsky-Hayner%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kolakowsky-Hayner%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BKolakowsky-Hayner%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6228-9909" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for S. Kolakowsky-Hayner</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Selim </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neurology (M.S.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BSelim%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Selim%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BSelim%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1936-3173" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M. Selim</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.J. Furst </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (A.J.F., J.Y., M.M.A.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>j</span>Departments of Psychiatry (A.J.F., J.Y.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.J.%2BFurst%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Furst%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.J.%2BFurst%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1750-550X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A.J. Furst</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-10"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P. Massaband </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Departments of Radiology (S.J.H., P.M., M.M.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>k</span>Radiology (P.M.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.%2BMassaband%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Massaband%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.%2BMassaband%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0874-2223" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for P. Massaband</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-11"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Yesavage </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (A.J.F., J.Y., M.M.A.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>j</span>Departments of Psychiatry (A.J.F., J.Y.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BYesavage%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Yesavage%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BYesavage%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-3281" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J. Yesavage</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-12"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.M. Adamson </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (A.J.F., J.Y., M.M.A.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>g</span>Neurosurgery (M.M.A.), Stanford University, Stanford, California</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>l</span>Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (M.M.A.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.M.%2BAdamson%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Adamson%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.M.%2BAdamson%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1534-4063" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M.M. Adamson</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-13"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P. Spincemallie </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>m</span>Department of Radiology (P.S., Y.W.), Weil Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.%2BSpincemallie%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Spincemallie%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.%2BSpincemallie%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8821-1341" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for P. Spincemallie</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-14"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Moseley </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Departments of Radiology (S.J.H., P.M., M.M.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BMoseley%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Moseley%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BMoseley%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-8741" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M. Moseley</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-15"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Y. Wang </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.L., Y.W.), Cornell University, New York, New York</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>m</span>Department of Radiology (P.S., Y.W.), Weil Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Y.%2BWang%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Wang%20Y&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AY.%2BWang%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1404-8526" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Y. Wang</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" data-highwire-cite-ref-tooltip-instance="highwire_reflinks_tooltip" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div class="article abstract-view "><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-start"></span><div class="section abstract" id="abstract-1"><h2>Abstract</h2><div id="sec-1" class="subsection"><p id="p-2"><strong>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</strong> Identifying cerebral microhemorrhage burden can aid in the diagnosis and management of traumatic brain injury, stroke, hypertension, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. MR imaging susceptibility-based methods are more sensitive than CT for detecting cerebral microhemorrhage, but methods other than quantitative susceptibility mapping provide results that vary with field strength and TE, require additional phase maps to distinguish blood from calcification, and depict cerebral microhemorrhages as bloom artifacts. Quantitative susceptibility mapping provides universal quantification of tissue magnetic property without these constraints but traditionally requires a mask generated by skull-stripping, which can pose challenges at tissue interphases. We evaluated the preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging method, which does not require skull-stripping, for improved depiction of brain parenchyma and pathology.</p></div><div id="sec-2" class="subsection"><p id="p-3"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> Fifty-six subjects underwent brain MR imaging with a 3D multiecho gradient recalled echo acquisition. Mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping images were created using a commonly used mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping method, and preconditioned quantitative susceptibility images were made using precondition-based total field inversion. All images were reviewed by a neuroradiologist and a radiology resident.</p></div><div id="sec-3" class="subsection"><p id="p-4"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Ten subjects (18%), all with traumatic brain injury, demonstrated blood products on 3D gradient recalled echo imaging. All lesions were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping, while 6 were not visible on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Thirty-one subjects (55%) demonstrated brain parenchyma and/or lesions that were visible on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping but not on mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping. Six subjects (11%) demonstrated pons artifacts on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping and mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping; they were worse on preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping.</p></div><div id="sec-4" class="subsection"><p id="p-5"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Preconditioned quantitative susceptibility mapping MR imaging can bring the benefits of quantitative susceptibility mapping imaging to clinical practice without the limitations of mask-based quantitative susceptibility mapping, especially for evaluating cerebral microhemorrhage–associated pathologies, such as traumatic brain injury.</p></div></div><div class="section glossary" id="glossary-1"><h2 class="">ABBREVIATIONS:</h2><dl id="def-list-1"><dt id="def-item-1">CMH<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>cerebral microhemorrhage<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-2">GRE<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>gradient recalled-echo<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-3">mQSM<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>mask-based QSM<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-4">pQSM<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>preconditioned QSM<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-5">QSM<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>quantitative susceptibility mapping<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-6">TBI<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>traumatic brain injury</dd></dl></div><ul class="copyright-statement"><li class="fn" id="copyright-statement-1">© 2018 by American Journal of Neuroradiology</li></ul><div class="license" id="license-1"><p id="p-1">Indicates open access to non-subscribers at <a href="http://www.ajnr.org" rel="license">www.ajnr.org</a></p></div><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-end"></span></div><span class="related-urls"></span></div><a href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/39/4/648.full" class="hw-link hw-link-article-full-text" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">View Full Text</a></div>  </div>

  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Brain Injury Lesion Imaging Using Preconditioned Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping without Skull Stripping</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Soman</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Z.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Liu</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">U.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Nemec</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Holdsworth</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Main</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Lee</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kolakowsky-Hayner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Selim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Furst</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Massaband</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Yesavage</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Adamson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Spincemallie</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="14"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Moseley</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="15"><span class="nlm-given-names">Y.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Wang</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Apr 2018, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">39 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(4) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">648-653; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A5550 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Brain Injury Lesion Imaging Using Preconditioned Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping without Skull Stripping</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Soman</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Z.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Liu</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">U.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Nemec</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Holdsworth</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Main</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Lee</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kolakowsky-Hayner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Selim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Furst</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Massaband</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Yesavage</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Adamson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Spincemallie</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="14"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Moseley</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="15"><span class="nlm-given-names">Y.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Wang</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Apr 2018, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">39 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(4) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">648-653; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A5550 </span></div>
  
  
  
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