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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Comparison of 3T Intracranial Vessel Wall MRI Sequences" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A5629" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2018-06-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging plays an increasing role in diagnosing intracranial vascular diseases. For a complete assessment, pre- and postcontrast sequences are required, and including other sequences, these result in a long scan duration. Ideally, the scan time of the vessel wall sequence should be reduced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different intracranial vessel wall sequence variants to reduce scan duration, provided an acceptable image quality can be maintained.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Starting from the vessel wall sequence that we use clinically (6:42 minutes), 6 scan variants were tested (scan duration ranging between 4:39 and 8:24 minutes), creating various trade-offs among spatial resolution, SNR, and contrast-to-noise ratio. In total, 15 subjects were scanned on a 3T MR imaging scanner: In 5 subjects, all 7 variants were performed precontrast-only, and in 10 other subjects, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) and our clinically used variant (6:42 minutes) were performed pre- and postcontrast.

RESULTS: The fastest variant (4:39 minutes) had higher or comparable SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the intracranial vessel walls compared with the reference sequence (6:42 minutes). Qualitative assessment showed that the contrast-to-noise ratio was most suppressed in the fastest variant of 4:39 minutes and the variant of 6:42 minutes pre- and postcontrast. SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the fastest variant were all, except one, higher compared with the variant of 6:42 minutes ( P &lt; .008). Furthermore, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) detected all vessel wall lesions identified on the 6:42-minute variant.

CONCLUSIONS: A 30% faster vessel wall sequence was developed with high SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios that resulted in good visibility of the intracranial vessel wall.

CNR
:   contrast-to-noise ratio
DANTE
:   delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation
PD
:   proton density
SENSE
:   sensitivity encoding
VIRTA
:   volumetric isotropically reconstructed turbo spin-echo acquisition
VISTA
:   volumetric isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Lindenholz" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.A. Harteveld" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.J.M. Zwanenburg" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.C.W. Siero" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Hendrikse" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2018-06-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Extracranial Vascular" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Comparison of 3T Intracranial Vessel Wall MRI Sequences" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging plays an increasing role in diagnosing intracranial vascular diseases. For a complete assessment, pre- and postcontrast sequences are required, and including other sequences, these result in a long scan duration. Ideally, the scan time of the vessel wall sequence should be reduced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different intracranial vessel wall sequence variants to reduce scan duration, provided an acceptable image quality can be maintained.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Starting from the vessel wall sequence that we use clinically (6:42 minutes), 6 scan variants were tested (scan duration ranging between 4:39 and 8:24 minutes), creating various trade-offs among spatial resolution, SNR, and contrast-to-noise ratio. In total, 15 subjects were scanned on a 3T MR imaging scanner: In 5 subjects, all 7 variants were performed precontrast-only, and in 10 other subjects, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) and our clinically used variant (6:42 minutes) were performed pre- and postcontrast.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The fastest variant (4:39 minutes) had higher or comparable SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the intracranial vessel walls compared with the reference sequence (6:42 minutes). Qualitative assessment showed that the contrast-to-noise ratio was most suppressed in the fastest variant of 4:39 minutes and the variant of 6:42 minutes pre- and postcontrast. SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the fastest variant were all, except one, higher compared with the variant of 6:42 minutes (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .008). Furthermore, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) detected all vessel wall lesions identified on the 6:42-minute variant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A 30% faster vessel wall sequence was developed with high SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios that resulted in good visibility of the intracranial vessel wall.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2018/06/01" />
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<meta name="citation_section" content="Extracranial Vascular" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="A. Lindenholz" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="aFrom the Department of Radiology (A.L., A.A.H., J.J.M.Z., J.C.W.S., J.H.) University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="A.A. Harteveld" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="J.J.M. Zwanenburg" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Comparison of 3T Intracranial Vessel Wall MRI Sequences" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging plays an increasing role in diagnosing intracranial vascular diseases. For a complete assessment, pre- and postcontrast sequences are required, and including other sequences, these result in a long scan duration. Ideally, the scan time of the vessel wall sequence should be reduced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different intracranial vessel wall sequence variants to reduce scan duration, provided an acceptable image quality can be maintained.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Starting from the vessel wall sequence that we use clinically (6:42 minutes), 6 scan variants were tested (scan duration ranging between 4:39 and 8:24 minutes), creating various trade-offs among spatial resolution, SNR, and contrast-to-noise ratio. In total, 15 subjects were scanned on a 3T MR imaging scanner: In 5 subjects, all 7 variants were performed precontrast-only, and in 10 other subjects, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) and our clinically used variant (6:42 minutes) were performed pre- and postcontrast.

RESULTS: The fastest variant (4:39 minutes) had higher or comparable SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the intracranial vessel walls compared with the reference sequence (6:42 minutes). Qualitative assessment showed that the contrast-to-noise ratio was most suppressed in the fastest variant of 4:39 minutes and the variant of 6:42 minutes pre- and postcontrast. SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the fastest variant were all, except one, higher compared with the variant of 6:42 minutes ( P &lt; .008). Furthermore, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) detected all vessel wall lesions identified on the 6:42-minute variant.

CONCLUSIONS: A 30% faster vessel wall sequence was developed with high SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios that resulted in good visibility of the intracranial vessel wall.

CNR
:   contrast-to-noise ratio
DANTE
:   delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation
PD
:   proton density
SENSE
:   sensitivity encoding
VIRTA
:   volumetric isotropically reconstructed turbo spin-echo acquisition
VISTA
:   volumetric isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Comparison of 3T Intracranial Vessel Wall MRI Sequences" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/39/6/1112" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging plays an increasing role in diagnosing intracranial vascular diseases. For a complete assessment, pre- and postcontrast sequences are required, and including other sequences, these result in a long scan duration. Ideally, the scan time of the vessel wall sequence should be reduced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different intracranial vessel wall sequence variants to reduce scan duration, provided an acceptable image quality can be maintained.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Starting from the vessel wall sequence that we use clinically (6:42 minutes), 6 scan variants were tested (scan duration ranging between 4:39 and 8:24 minutes), creating various trade-offs among spatial resolution, SNR, and contrast-to-noise ratio. In total, 15 subjects were scanned on a 3T MR imaging scanner: In 5 subjects, all 7 variants were performed precontrast-only, and in 10 other subjects, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) and our clinically used variant (6:42 minutes) were performed pre- and postcontrast.

RESULTS: The fastest variant (4:39 minutes) had higher or comparable SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the intracranial vessel walls compared with the reference sequence (6:42 minutes). Qualitative assessment showed that the contrast-to-noise ratio was most suppressed in the fastest variant of 4:39 minutes and the variant of 6:42 minutes pre- and postcontrast. SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the fastest variant were all, except one, higher compared with the variant of 6:42 minutes ( P &lt; .008). Furthermore, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) detected all vessel wall lesions identified on the 6:42-minute variant.

CONCLUSIONS: A 30% faster vessel wall sequence was developed with high SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios that resulted in good visibility of the intracranial vessel wall.

CNR
:   contrast-to-noise ratio
DANTE
:   delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation
PD
:   proton density
SENSE
:   sensitivity encoding
VIRTA
:   volumetric isotropically reconstructed turbo spin-echo acquisition
VISTA
:   volumetric isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition" />
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      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Extracranial Vascular</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Comparison of 3T Intracranial Vessel Wall MRI Sequences</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">A. Lindenholz</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">A.A. Harteveld</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">J.J.M. Zwanenburg</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">J.C.W. Siero</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">J. Hendrikse</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">June 2018,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">39 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(6) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1112-1120; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5629 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-61311--6673615768" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Lindenholz </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (A.L., A.A.H., J.J.M.Z., J.C.W.S., J.H.) University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BLindenholz%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Lindenholz%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BLindenholz%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-5723" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Lindenholz</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.A. Harteveld </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (A.L., A.A.H., J.J.M.Z., J.C.W.S., J.H.) University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.A.%2BHarteveld%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Harteveld%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.A.%2BHarteveld%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3379-0710" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A.A. Harteveld</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.J.M. Zwanenburg </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (A.L., A.A.H., J.J.M.Z., J.C.W.S., J.H.) University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.J.M.%2BZwanenburg%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zwanenburg%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.J.M.%2BZwanenburg%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-5719" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.J.M. Zwanenburg</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.C.W. Siero </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (A.L., A.A.H., J.J.M.Z., J.C.W.S., J.H.) University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Spinoza Center for Neuroimaging (J.C.W.S.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.C.W.%2BSiero%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Siero%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.C.W.%2BSiero%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5079-2868" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.C.W. Siero</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Hendrikse </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (A.L., A.A.H., J.J.M.Z., J.C.W.S., J.H.) University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BHendrikse%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hendrikse%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BHendrikse%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6384-6140" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J. 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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" data-highwire-cite-ref-tooltip-instance="highwire_reflinks_tooltip" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div class="article abstract-view "><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-start"></span><div class="section abstract" id="abstract-1"><h2>Abstract</h2><div id="sec-1" class="subsection"><p id="p-2"><strong>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</strong> Intracranial vessel wall MR imaging plays an increasing role in diagnosing intracranial vascular diseases. For a complete assessment, pre- and postcontrast sequences are required, and including other sequences, these result in a long scan duration. Ideally, the scan time of the vessel wall sequence should be reduced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different intracranial vessel wall sequence variants to reduce scan duration, provided an acceptable image quality can be maintained.</p></div><div id="sec-2" class="subsection"><p id="p-3"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> Starting from the vessel wall sequence that we use clinically (6:42 minutes), 6 scan variants were tested (scan duration ranging between 4:39 and 8:24 minutes), creating various trade-offs among spatial resolution, SNR, and contrast-to-noise ratio. In total, 15 subjects were scanned on a 3T MR imaging scanner: In 5 subjects, all 7 variants were performed precontrast-only, and in 10 other subjects, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) and our clinically used variant (6:42 minutes) were performed pre- and postcontrast.</p></div><div id="sec-3" class="subsection"><p id="p-4"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The fastest variant (4:39 minutes) had higher or comparable SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the intracranial vessel walls compared with the reference sequence (6:42 minutes). Qualitative assessment showed that the contrast-to-noise ratio was most suppressed in the fastest variant of 4:39 minutes and the variant of 6:42 minutes pre- and postcontrast. SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios of the fastest variant were all, except one, higher compared with the variant of 6:42 minutes (<em>P</em> &lt; .008). Furthermore, the fastest variant (4:39 minutes) detected all vessel wall lesions identified on the 6:42-minute variant.</p></div><div id="sec-4" class="subsection"><p id="p-5"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> A 30% faster vessel wall sequence was developed with high SNRs/contrast-to-noise ratios that resulted in good visibility of the intracranial vessel wall.</p></div></div><div class="section glossary" id="glossary-1"><h2 class="">ABBREVIATIONS:</h2><dl id="def-list-1"><dt id="def-item-1">CNR<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>contrast-to-noise ratio<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-2">DANTE<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-3">PD<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>proton density<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-4">SENSE<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>sensitivity encoding<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-5">VIRTA<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>volumetric isotropically reconstructed turbo spin-echo acquisition<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-6">VISTA<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>volumetric isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition</dd></dl></div><ul class="copyright-statement"><li class="fn" id="copyright-statement-1">© 2018 by American Journal of Neuroradiology</li></ul><div class="license" id="license-1"><p id="p-1">Indicates open access to non-subscribers at <a href="http://www.ajnr.org" rel="license">www.ajnr.org</a></p></div><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-end"></span></div><span class="related-urls"></span></div><a href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/39/6/1112.full" class="hw-link hw-link-article-full-text" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">View Full Text</a></div>  </div>

  
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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 39</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 6 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Jun 2018 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Comparison of 3T Intracranial Vessel Wall MRI Sequences</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Lindenholz</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Harteveld</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.J.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zwanenburg</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.C.W.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Siero</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hendrikse</span></span></span></div>
  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Lindenholz</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Harteveld</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.J.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zwanenburg</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.C.W.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Siero</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hendrikse</span></span></span></div>
  
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