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PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Biondi, Alessandra
AU  - Ricciardi, Giuseppe K.
AU  - Puybasset, Louis
AU  - Abdennour, Lamine
AU  - Longo, Marcello
AU  - Chiras, Jacques
AU  - Van Effenterre, Rémy
TI  - Intra-Arterial Nimodipine for the Treatment of Symptomatic Cerebral Vasospasm after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Preliminary Results
DP  - 2004 Jun 01
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
PG  - 1067--1076
VI  - 25
IP  - 6
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/25/6/1067.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/25/6/1067.full
SO  - Am. J. Neuroradiol.2004 Jun 01; 25
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral vasospasm remains a major problem in patients recovering from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage despite advances in medical, surgical, and endovascular care. Our purpose was to assess the efficacy of intra-arterial nimodipine, a calcium-channel blocker acting mainly on cerebral vessels, in preventing delayed neurologic deficits in patients with symptomatic vasospasm.METHODS: Clinical charts of 25 consecutively treated patients were retrospectively reviewed. A multifactorial decision tree was used to determine the indication for angiography and subsequent endovascular treatment. Nimodipine was infused intra-arterially via a diagnostic catheter in the internal carotid artery or vertebral artery at a rate of 0.1 mg/min. Angiographic vasospasm before endovascular treatment, immediate vessel caliber modifications, and short- and long-term clinical efficacy of the procedure were assessed.RESULTS: Thirty procedures were performed in 25 patients. Clinical improvement was observed in 19 (76%), 16 of whom improved after the first endovascular procedure, two after the second intra-arterial treatment, and one after the third. Of these 19 patients, only 12 (63%) had notable vascular dilatation at postprocedural angiography. Dilatation of infused vessels occurred in only 13 (43%) of 30 procedures. After follow-up of 3–6 months, 18 (72%) of 25 patients had a favorable outcome (Glasgow outcome scale score of 1–2 and modified Rankin scale score of 0–2). No complications were observed.CONCLUSION: Intra-arterial nimodipine is effective and safe for the treatment of symptomatic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Further prospective randomized studies of cerebral blood flow are needed to confirm these results.