1naresh<pre>Array
(
    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity
            [type] => guest
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege
                            [type] => privilege-set
                            [privilege-set] => GUEST
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => guest
                )

        )

)
1naresh<pre>Array
(
    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity
            [type] => guest
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => FreeToRead
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege
                            [type] => privilege-set
                            [privilege-set] => GUEST
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => guest
                )

        )

)
PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ogata, Toshiyasu
AU  - Kimura, Kazumi
AU  - Nakajima, Makoto
AU  - Ikeno, Kouichi
AU  - Naritomi, Hiroaki
AU  - Minematsu, Kazuo
TI  - Transcranial Color-Coded Real-Time Sonographic Criteria for Occlusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery in Acute Ischemic Stroke
DP  - 2004 Nov 01
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
PG  - 1680--1684
VI  - 25
IP  - 10
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/25/10/1680.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/25/10/1680.full
SO  - Am. J. Neuroradiol.2004 Nov 01; 25
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Transcranial color-coded real-time sonography (TCCS) is a useful tool to evaluate disease of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). This study was undertaken to identify TCCS criteria for the diagnosis of MCA stem and MCA branch occlusions.METHODS: TCCS and digital subtraction angiography were performed in 55 consecutive patients with acute stroke: 10 with MCA stem occlusion, the MO group; eight with MCA branch occlusion, the MB group; and 37 with nonocclusive lesions, the control group. We measured the end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of the bilateral MCA stems and calculated the end-diastolic ratio by dividing the EDV of the unaffected side by that of the affected side.RESULTS: EDV was highest in the control group, and end-diastolic ratio was highest in the MO group. An EDV of &amp;gt;25 cm/s indicated a nonocclusive lesion in the MCA, with a positive predictive value of 98.4%, a negative predictive value of 81.0%, and an accuracy of 93.9%. An EDV of ≤25 cm/s with an end-diastolic ratio of &amp;lt;2.7 indicated an MCA branch occlusion with a positive predictive value of 85.7%, a negative predictive value of 97.2%, and an accuracy of 95.3%. An EDV of ≤25 cm/s with an end-diastolic ratio of ≥2.7 indicated MCA stem occlusion with a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and an accuracy of 100%.CONCLUSION: We developed TCCS criteria for the diagnosis of MCA diseases. MCA flow velocity detected by means of TCCS can help identify MCA stem occlusion as well as MCA branch occlusion.