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RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Current and Emerging MR Imaging Techniques for the Diagnosis and Management of CSF Flow Disorders: A Review of Phase-Contrast and Time–Spatial Labeling Inversion Pulse
JF American Journal of Neuroradiology
JO Am. J. Neuroradiol.
FD American Society of Neuroradiology
SP 623
OP 630
DO 10.3174/ajnr.A4030
VO 36
IS 4
A1 Yamada, S.
A1 Tsuchiya, K.
A1 Bradley, W.G.
A1 Law, M.
A1 Winkler, M.L.
A1 Borzage, M.T.
A1 Miyazaki, M.
A1 Kelly, E.J.
A1 McComb, J.G.
YR 2015
UL http://www.ajnr.org/content/36/4/623.abstract
AB SUMMARY: This article provides an overview of phase-contrast and time–spatial labeling inversion pulse MR imaging techniques to assess CSF movement in the CNS under normal and pathophysiologic situations. Phase-contrast can quantitatively measure stroke volume in selected regions, notably the aqueduct of Sylvius, synchronized to the heartbeat. Judicious fine-tuning of the technique is needed to achieve maximal temporal resolution, and it has limited visualization of CSF motion in many CNS regions. Phase-contrast is frequently used to evaluate those patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus and a Chiari I malformation. Correlation with successful treatment outcome has been problematic. Time–spatial labeling inversion pulse, with a high signal-to-noise ratio, assesses linear and turbulent motion of CSF anywhere in the CNS. Time–spatial labeling inversion pulse can qualitatively visualize whether CSF flows between 2 compartments and determine whether there is flow through the aqueduct of Sylvius or a new surgically created stoma. Cine images reveal CSF linear and turbulent flow patterns. CSPcavum septi pellucidiNPHnormal pressure hydrocephalusPCphase-contrastTime-SLIPtime–spatial labeling inversion pulseVencvelocity-encoding value