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PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Flowers, C H
AU  - Mafee, M F
AU  - Crowell, R
AU  - Raofi, B
AU  - Arnold, P
AU  - Dobben, G
AU  - Wycliffe, N
TI  - Encephalopathy in AIDS patients: evaluation with MR imaging.
DP  - 1990 Nov 01
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
PG  - 1235--1245
VI  - 11
IP  - 6
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/11/6/1235.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/11/6/1235.full
SO  - Am. J. Neuroradiol.1990 Nov 01; 11
AB  - The presence and extent of encephalopathy were evaluated in 47 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) by the use of MR imaging. Twenty-nine (62%) of the patients showed some form of white matter disease, exhibited as high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Focal white matter lesions were seen in 23 (49%) of the patients, while a diffuse white matter process was observed in six patients (13%). Of the 29 patients who had white matter disease on MR scans, 17 (36%) had a suggestion of white matter involvement on an initial CT study. Meanwhile, 12 (26%) of the patients had a normal CT scan on the initial examination. MR findings showed predominant disease in the subinsular and peritrigonal white matter areas. Marked cerebral atrophy was observed in 17 (36%) of 47 patients, cerebellar atrophy in 18 (38%), and brainstem atrophy in seven patients (15%). Pathologic findings showed that toxoplasmosis was present in eight patients (17%), and primary CNS lymphoma was present in three patients (6%). Cryptococcal meningitis was noted in two (4%) of the patients at autopsy, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was seen in one (2%) of the patients at autopsy. MR imaging has been shown to be a valuable technique for the detection of encephalopathy in AIDS patients.