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PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Bartha, A.I.
AU  - Yap, K.R.L.
AU  - Miller, S.P.
AU  - Jeremy, R.J.
AU  - Nishimoto, M.
AU  - Vigneron, D.B.
AU  - Barkovich, A.J.
AU  - Ferriero, D.M.
TI  - The Normal Neonatal Brain: MR Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and 3D MR Spectroscopy in Healthy Term Neonates
AID  - 10.3174/ajnr.A0521
DP  - 2007 Jun 01
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
PG  - 1015--1021
VI  - 28
IP  - 6
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/28/6/1015.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/28/6/1015.full
SO  - Am. J. Neuroradiol.2007 Jun 01; 28
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is a lack of normative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and 3D MR spectroscopy (MRS) data in the early neonatal period. We report quantitative values from a cohort of healthy term neonates to serve as baseline data for studies assessing brain development and injury.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen healthy term neonates (median age, 7 days) were studied with spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging, DTI, and 3D point-resolved spectroscopy sequence (PRESS) MRS without sedation on a 1.5T scanner. Average diffusivity (Dav), fractional anisotropy (FA), eigenvalues (EV), and metabolite ratios (N-acetylaspartate [NAA]/choline, lactate/choline) were calculated by automated processing in 7 brain regions. Neurodevelopment was assessed by blinded and validated neuromotor examinations and the Bayley II test at 3 and 14 months.RESULTS: Two neonates were excluded from the cohort: one had brain injury on T2-weighted imaging, and the other, who had normal MR imaging, showed mildly delayed cognition at 14 months. The mean DTI values of the remaining 14 neonates were between these ranges: Dav=0.98–1.48 10−3 mm2/s, FA=0.14–0.30, EV1=1.21–1.88, EV2=0.95–1.46, and EV3=0.77–1.24 (all × 10−3 mm2/s). The NAA/choline ratio ranged between 0.58 and 0.73, and minimal lactate/choline (&amp;lt;0.15) could be detected in each neonate. All neonates exhibited clinically normal neuromotor status.CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates the feasibility of obtaining high-quality quantifiable MR data in nonsedated healthy term neonates that can be used to study normal early brain development and as control data in studies of perinatal brain injury.