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Univariate logistic analysis of the risk factors for END
Univariable Analysis
Total (n = 418)Non-END (n = 309)END (n = 93)P Value
Demographic variables
 Age, year (mean ± SD)58.7 ± 12.559.0 ± 12.557.5 ± 12.3.301
 Female, n (%)117 (29.1)91 (29.4)26 (28.0).781
 Hypertension, n (%)238 (59.2)185 (59.9)53 (57.0).620
 DM, n (%)90 (22.4)72 (23.3)18 (19.4).424
 HHcy, n (%)324 (80.6)249 (87.4)75 (87.2).969
 Hyperlipidemia, n (%)163 (40.5)129 (42.3)34 (36.6).325
 CHD, n (%)34 (8.5)29 (9.4)5 (5.4).229
 Stroke history, n (%)94 (23.4)68 (22.0)26 (28.0).236
 Smoking, n (%)137 (34.1)98 (31.7)39 (41.9).069
 Drinking, n (%)116 (28.9)83 (26.9)33 (35.5).159
 SBP, mmHg (mean ± SD)146.7 ± 20.1146.0 ± 20.1148.9 ± 20.2.220
 DBP, mmHg (mean ± SD)88.2 ± 13.287.4 ± 12.890.7 ± 14.1.215
 Initial NIHSS, median (IQR)2 (1,4)2 (1,4)4 (2,6)<.001
 Onset to admission time, h, (mean ± SD)25.7 ± 22.727.0 ± 23.021.6 ± 21.3.047
Laboratory parameters
 TC, mmol/L (mean ± SD)4.3 ± 1.14.2 ± 1.14.4 ± 1.4.413
 TG, mmol/L (mean ± SD)1.6 ± 1.31.6 ± 1.11.7 ± 1.7.454
 HDL-C, mmol/L (mean ± SD)1.1 ± 0.31.1 ± 0.31.1 ± 0.3.710
 LDL-C, mmol/L (mean ± SD)2.7 ± 0.92.7 ± 0.92.6 ± 0.8.399
 HbA1c, %, median (IQR)6 (5.6,6.6)6.0 (5.6,6.5)5.9 (5.4,6.9).607
 Hemoglobin, g/L (mean ± SD)138.8 ± 17.6138.0 ± 18.4141.3 ± 14.3.119
 Cr, μmol/L, (Mean ± SD)72.2 ± 30.573.8 ± 33.467.1 ± 16.6.065
 eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 (mean ± SD)93.8 ± 17.793.0 ± 18.096.4 ± 16.7.181
Imaging parameters
 Onset to MRI time, h (mean ± SD)36.9 ± 30.437.3 ± 29.335.2 ± 33.6.550
 MAD, mm (mean ± SD)12.9 ± 4.212.4 ± 4.114.5 ± 4.2<.001
 pSSSI, n (%)184 (45.8)143 (46.3)41 (44.1).710
 lSSSI, n (%)241 (60)183 (59.2)58 (62.4).588
 sWMH, n (%)158 (39.3)123 (39.8)35 (37.6).707
 PAD, n (%)120 (29.9)73 (23.6)47 (50.5).001
 Posteriority index ≥ 0.669221 (55.0)149 (48.2)72 (77.4)<.001
 Laterality index ≥ 0.950259 (64.4)181 (58.6)78 (83.9)<.001
Treatment
 Thrombolysis, n (%)40 (10.0)25 (8.1)15 (16.1).026
 DAPT, n (%)208 (51.7)208 (67.3)72 (77.4).060
  • Note:—DM indicates diabetes mellitus; HHcy, hyperhomocysteinemia; CHD, coronary heart disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; Cr, creatinine; eGFR, glomerular filtration rate; sWMH, severe white matter hyperintensity; DAPT, dual antiplatelet therapy.