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Summary of current challenges for DT imaging
Current Challenges Current Solutions Future Directions
Acquisition Low resolution Higher static/gradient field
PROPELLER
Parallel acquisition
Distortions by EPI Postprocessing corrections PROPELLER
Parallel acquisition
Cardiac/CSF pulsation Cardiac triggering Cardiac triggering in routine practice
Robust estimate of the DT More averages Higher static field
Optimized sequence parameters
Increased number of DW directions
Postprocessing and analysis Subjectivity of the ROI approach Training of the neurologist Registration to standard space
Histogram analysis 
Correlations of DT derived metrics with clinical histopathology ROI and histogram analysis of MD and FA maps Include analysis of eigenvalues
Focus on systems that have a functional significance (ie, specific fiber tracts)
Voxel based assessment after normalization to standard space to avoid a priori hypotheses
Acquisition and analysis Crossing/merging fibers Multicompartment models
Q-space formalism
High angular resolution
Note:—PROPELLER indicates periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction; EPI, echo-planar imaging; DT, diffusion tensor; DW, diffusion-weighted; ROI, region of interest; MD, mean diffusivity; FA, fractional anisotropy.