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Table 1: Demographic, clinical, and MRI characteristics of patients
Patients (n = 22) Healthy Volunteers (n = 12)
Age^*^† 40.3 ± 8.8 (22−57) years 41.5 ± 11.2 (28−58) years
Gender^† 16 women; 6 men 6 women; 6 men
MS type 10 SPMS;12 RRMS 
Disease duration^* 9.8 ± 8.2 (0.2−26.1) years 
EDSS score^* 3.3 ± 1.9 (0−7.0) [baseline] 
3.4 ± 2.1 (0−6.5) [end] 
Number of CELs^* 41.2 ± 82.9 (0−345) [total] 
T2 lesions volume* (cm³) 16.2 ± 16.9 (1.2−68.2) [baseline] 
14.38 ± 15.2 (0.7−52.0) [end] 
T1 BHs number^* 10.3 ± 8.9 (0−37) [baseline] 
10.5 ± 10.1 (0−39) [end] 
T1 BHs volume^* (cm³) 1.8 ± 2.0 (0−7.5) [baseline] 
1.9 ± 2.3 (0−8.3) [end] 
BPF^*^‡ 0.80 ± 0.02 (0.76−0.83) [baseline] 0.85 ± 0.01 (0.84−0.88)
0.79 ± 0.02 (0.74−0.83) [end] 
On-going therapy Cyclophoshamide = 1 
(4 untreated patients) Copolimer-1 = 4 
Interferon β (IFNβ) = 6 
IFNβ + Daclizumab = 7 
Note:—MS indicates multiple sclerosis; RRMS, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; SPMS, secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis; EDSS, expanded disability status scale; CEL, contrast-enhancing lesion; BH, black hole; BPF, brain parenchymal fraction.
* mean ± SD (range).
^† P values vs healthy volunteers > .05.
^‡ P ≤ .0001. See text for comparisons within patients at different time points.