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Table 1: Patient characteristics classified as a major or minor stroke by year, comparing across stroke classification and year
2000 2005 P^†
Major Minor P^* Major Minor P^*
No. 59 171 86 164 
% Female 40.68 46.2 50 43.9 .8974
Mean age (yr) 66.71 69.46 .1846 73.91 68.45 .0029 
Median comorbidity 3 1 <.0001 3 2 <.0001 
Length of stay (days) 12.58 3.16 <.0001 7.67 3.40 <.0001 
Total cost of hospitalization^‡ 4.36 1.00 <.0001 3.00 1.08 <.0001 
Total cost of hospitalization^‡ (excluding in-hospital deaths) 4.46 1.00 <.0001 3.21 1.08 <.0001 
ICU use 
    Mean ICU days 3.71 0.09 <.0001 2.47 0.23 <.0001 
    Mean ICU costs^‡ 2.19 0.05 <.0001 1.45 0.12 <.0001 
    % who spent any time in the ICU 66.1 2.9 <.0001 62.8 9.1 <.0001 
Among patients who spent any time in the ICU 
    Mean ICU days 5.62 3.20 3.93 2.47 .0921
    Mean ICU costs^‡ 3.31 1.70 2.31 1.26 .0378
Imaging use 
    No. of CT scans 3.76 1.13 4.41 1.89 <.0001
    No. of MRIs 1.83 1.87 2.13 2.48 .135
    Mean cost of CT^‡ 0.12 0.03 0.14 0.07 <.0001
    Mean cost of MRI^‡ 0.19 0.15 0.16 0.15 .0096
Patient outcomes (%) 
    Deceased 13.56 0 30.23 0 <.0001
    Discharge to home 18.64 76.61 8.14 70.12 <.0001
    Discharge to rehabilitation facility 59.32 17.54 15.12 6.71 <.0001
    Discharge to facility 1.69 2.92 45.35 22.56 .0007
Note:—MRI indicates MR imaging; ICU, intensive care unit.
* P values from least-squares means.
† P value for interaction with year was ≤.05; therefore, data from each year were combined for statistical analysis.
‡ Costs are in US dollars and indexed to the mean cost of a minor stroke in 2000.