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Table 5: Occurrence of hydrocephalus in HELPS trial to 3 months postrandomization*
Randomized Treatment
Hydrogel Bare Platinum Absolute Difference
No. % No. % 95% CI
Total no. patients randomized 249 250 
Ruptured aneurysm; no hydrocephalus 112 80.6 117 84.8 
Ruptured aneurysm; hydrocephalus present 26 18.7 21 15.2 +3.5% (−5.4% to +12.4%)
Consent withdrawn 1 0.7 0 
Not recently ruptured; no hydrocephalus 108 98.2 109 97.3 
Not recently ruptured; hydrocephalus present 2 1.8 3 2.7 −0.9% (−5.9% to +4.1%)
Note:—CI indicates confidence interval; TA, target aneurysm (the one on which randomization was based).
* Test for interaction (to find out whether the effect of treatment differs between subgroups), P = 0.5, from logistic regression (ie, there is no evidence that the effect of treatment on hydrocephalus is different in ruptured and unruptured aneurysms).