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Table 4: 
Clinical associations of clival invasion
Operation Approaches Resection Extent Operative Complications Follow-Up Recurrence
Transsphenoidal Transfrontal Gross Total Subtotal Cases Period (mo)
Clival destruction 26/32 (81.25%) 6/32 (18.75%) 0 32 5/32 (15.63%) 14 6.78 ± 2.91 8/14 (57.14%)
Without clival destruction 330/358 (92.18%) 28/358 (7.82%) 99 259 13/358 (3.63%) 56 8.58 ± 3.16 7/56 (12.50%)
χ² χ² = 3.142, χ² = 7.067 P < .001^a χ² = 10.739
P P = .076 P = 0.008 P = .001


a Two independent-samples t test.

	Operation Approaches		Resection Extent		Operative Complications	Follow-Up		Recurrence
	Transsphenoidal	Transfrontal	Gross Total	Subtotal	Operative Complications	Cases	Period (mo)	Recurrence
Clival destruction	26/32 (81.25%)	6/32 (18.75%)	0	32	5/32 (15.63%)	14	6.78 ± 2.91	8/14 (57.14%)
Without clival destruction	330/358 (92.18%)	28/358 (7.82%)	99	259	13/358 (3.63%)	56	8.58 ± 3.16	7/56 (12.50%)
χ²	χ² = 3.142,				χ² = 7.067		P < .001^a	χ² = 10.739
P	P = .076				P = 0.008			P = .001