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Table 1:

Summary of DSA and 4D-CE-MRA findings in 18 DAVFsa

4D-CE-MRAInterobserver Agreementb4D-CE-MRA Consensus ReadingDSAIntermodality Agreementc
Reader 1Reader 2
Fistula site
    CS8817 (94)8818 (100)
    TS88[0.72–0.99]88[0.81–1.00]
    FM2122
    Other sites0100
Main feeders
    IMA-MMA7714 (78)7716 (89)
    APA75[0.52–0.94]54[0.65–0.98]
    OA3567
    ICA0000
    Other feeders1100
Venous drainage
    Type 1d141316 (89)131318 (100)
    Type 2e34[0.65–0.98]44[0.81–1.00]
    Type 3f1111
  • Note:—4D-CE-MRA indicates 4D contrast-enhanced MR angiography; DSA, digital subtraction angiography; DAVF, dural arteriovenous fistula; CS, cavernous sinus; TS, transverse-sigmoid sinus; FM, sinus adjacent to the foramen magnum; IMA-MMA, internal maxillary artery and/or middle meningeal artery; APA, ascending pharyngeal artery; OA, occipital artery; ICA, internal carotid artery; CI, confidence interval.

  • a Data are number of DAVFs. Data in parentheses are the percentage of concordance, and data in brackets are exact CIs.

  • b Agreement of 4D-CE-MRA between reader 1 and reader 2.

  • c Agreement between the consensus reading at 4D CE-MRA of reader 1 and reader 2 and DSA.

  • d Venous drainage directly into the dural venous sinus.

  • e Venous drainage into the dural venous sinus with cortical venous reflux.

  • f Venous drainage directly into the subarachnoid veins (cortical venous reflux only).