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TABLE 1: 
Demographic and clinical characteristics
Age (years)67.6 ± 6.6 
Male:Female (n)17:3
Degree of stenosis (%)74.9 ± 14.6
Symptomatic attack19/20 (95%)
 Minor stroke8/20 (40%)
 Transient ischemic attack11/20 (55%)
Risk factors
 Hypertension16/20 (80%)
 Smoking15/20 (75%)
 Hyperlipidemia11/20 (55%)
 Diabetes mellitus7/20 (35%)
Vascular complications
 Ischemic heart disease7/20 (35%)
 Arteriosclerosis obliterans2/20 (10%)
  • Note.—Values are expressed as mean ± SD. The degree of carotid stenosis was calculated using the method described by the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial group 1. Ischemic heart disease was diagnosed by myocardial scintigraphy, and arteriosclerosis obliterans was diagnosed by ankle pressure index, pulse wave, and clinical symptoms.