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TABLE 1: Patient characteristics
Patient (No.) 1 2 3 4 5 6
Sex F M F F F M
Age (y) 66 78 49 56 67 76
Re-treated level L1 L2 T6 L1 T10 L1
Interoperative interval (days) 167 18 8 22 9 21
Approach 
 Initial treatment L^* B^† L L L L
Repeat treatment R^‡ R R L R R
Amount PMMA (cc) 
 Initial treatment 3.5 15 5 1.1 1.2 3
Repeat treatment 1.5 5 1.5 2.5 3.5 1.2
Initial Treatment 
 Preoperative pain 10 10 10 10 7 10
 Postoperative pain 0 5 0 0 3 3
 Preoperative mobility 0 2 0 3 0 1
 Postoperative mobility 0 1 0 0 0 0
Repeat treatment 
 Preoperative pain 10 10 10 10 10 10
 Postoperative pain 8 1 2 0 4 6
 Preoperative mobility 1 2 1 0 0 3
 Postoperative mobility 0 1 0 0 0 0
Note.—Pain was assessed using an 11-point scale (0–10), with 0 representing no pain and 10 representing “most pain ever experienced.” Mobility was assessed using a 5-point scale as follows: 0, walking without assistance; 1, walking with assistance; 2, wheelchair bound; 3, restricted to sitting in bed; 4, restricted to lying flat in bed. Follow-up was obtained between 1 week and 1 month postoperatively.
* Left unilateral transpediculate approach.
† Bilateral transpediculate approach.
‡ Right unilateral transpediculate approach.

Patient (No.)	1	2	3	4	5	6
Sex	F	M	F	F	F	M
Age (y)	66	78	49	56	67	76
Re-treated level	L1	L2	T6	L1	T10	L1
Interoperative interval (days)	167	18	8	22	9	21
Approach
Initial treatment	L^*	B^†	L	L	L	L
Repeat treatment	R^‡	R	R	L	R	R
Amount PMMA (cc)
Initial treatment	3.5	15	5	1.1	1.2	3
Repeat treatment	1.5	5	1.5	2.5	3.5	1.2
Initial Treatment
Preoperative pain	10	10	10	10	7	10
Postoperative pain	0	5	0	0	3	3
Preoperative mobility	0	2	0	3	0	1
Postoperative mobility	0	1	0	0	0	0
Repeat treatment
Preoperative pain	10	10	10	10	10	10
Postoperative pain	8	1	2	0	4	6
Preoperative mobility	1	2	1	0	0	3
Postoperative mobility	0	1	0	0	0	0