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Table 6: 
MR DCG technique and imaging parameters in previously published studies
Study Year No. of Patients Cannulation Topical Sequence Technique
Goldberg et al⁶ 1993 11 Gd-DTPA Gd-DTPA T1WI (fat-sat)
Caldemeyer et al²¹ 1998 11 – Saline solution FSE T2WI
Kirchhof et al²⁸ 2000 11 – Gd-DTPA T1- and T2WI (fat-sat)
Manfre et el²⁹ 2000 36 Gd-DTPA Gd-DTPA SE T1WI (fat-sat)
Yoshikawa et al²⁵ 2000 18 Gd-DTPA Saline solution FSE T2WI; SE T1WI
Takehara et al³¹ 2000 8 Saline solution – Heavily T2WI
Karagülle et al²⁴ 2002 19 Gd-DTPA – 3D FSPGR
Cubuk et al³² 2010 35 Saline solution – Single-shot SE T2WI (fat-sat)
Our study 2011 21 – Gd-BT-DO3A 3D FSPGR

Note:—fat-sat indicates fat-saturated; SE, spin-echo; –, absent.

Study	Year	No. of Patients	Cannulation	Topical	Sequence Technique
Goldberg et al⁶	1993	11	Gd-DTPA	Gd-DTPA	T1WI (fat-sat)
Caldemeyer et al²¹	1998	11	–	Saline solution	FSE T2WI
Kirchhof et al²⁸	2000	11	–	Gd-DTPA	T1- and T2WI (fat-sat)
Manfre et el²⁹	2000	36	Gd-DTPA	Gd-DTPA	SE T1WI (fat-sat)
Yoshikawa et al²⁵	2000	18	Gd-DTPA	Saline solution	FSE T2WI; SE T1WI
Takehara et al³¹	2000	8	Saline solution	–	Heavily T2WI
Karagülle et al²⁴	2002	19	Gd-DTPA	–	3D FSPGR
Cubuk et al³²	2010	35	Saline solution	–	Single-shot SE T2WI (fat-sat)
Our study	2011	21	–	Gd-BT-DO3A	3D FSPGR