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Table 3: 

Intraluminal and extraluminal structural and functional venous abnormalities in IJVs in patients with MS and HCs on DSa
Individual Frequency of Venous AbnormalitiesHC (n = 63)MS (n = 150)P ValuebNPRMS (n = 104)PRMS (n = 46)P Valuec
Total structural (No.) (%)34 (54)111 (74).00472 (69.2)39 (84.8).033
Intraluminal structural (No.) (%)31 (49.2)102 (68).00867 (64.4)35 (76.1).110
    Web06 (4)5 (4.8)1 (2.2)
    Flap17 (27)51 (34)36 (34.6)15 (32.6)
    Septum9 (14.3)43 (28.7)34 (32.7)9 (19.6)
    Membrane0000
    Malformed valve18 (28.6)40 (26.7)25 (24)15 (32.6)
Extraluminal structural (No.) (%)7 (11.1)33 (22).04417 (16.3)16 (34.8).01
    Stenosis7 (11.1)33 (22)17 (16.3)16 (34.8)
    Annulus0000
Total functional (No.) (%)21 (33.3)82 (54.7).00355 (52.9)27 (58.7).316
    Reflux20 (31.7)74 (49.3)49 (47.1)25 (54.3)
    Paradox02 (1.3)1 (1)1 (2.2)
    No flow2 (3.2)16 (10.7)8 (7.7)8 (17.4)
No. of venous abnormalities
    Total structural (mean) (SD)1.05 (1.3)1.85 (1.8).0011.75 (1.7)2.04 (1).384
    Intraluminal structural (mean) (SD)0.9 (1.2)1.53 (1.7).0051.5 (1.6)1.61 (1.9).805
        Web00.07 (0.4)0.07 (0.3)0.09 (0.6)
        Flap0.33 (0.6)0.56 (1)0.56 (1)0.57 (1)
        Septum0.24 (0.7)0.55 (1)0.57 (1)0.5 (1.2)
        Membrane0000
        Malformed valve0.35 (0.6)0.37 (0.7)0.33 (0.6)0.5 (0.8)
    Extraluminal structural, (mean) (SD)0.13 (0.5)0.31 (0.7).0230.25 (0.7)0.43 (0.7).01
        Stenosis0.13 (.5)0.31 (0.7)0.25 (0.7)0.43 (0.7)
        Annulus0000
    Total functional (mean) (SD)0.51 (0.9)1.13 (1.2)<.00011.02 (1.2)1.4 (1.3).096
        Reflux0.44 (0.8)0.88 (1.1)0.85 (1.1)0.96 (1.2)
        Paradox00.02 (0.2)0.02 (0.2)0.02 (0.1)
        No flow0.06 (0.6)0.17 (0.5)0.13 (0.5)0.26 (0.6)
  • 

    Note:—NPR indicates nonprogressive; PR, progressive.
  • 


    ↵a The frequency differences of the structural and functional venous abnormalities between the study groups were tested using the Fisher exact test, whereas the number of venous abnormalities differences was tested using Mann-Whitney U test.
  • 


    ↵b P value represents comparison between HC and MS.
  • 


    ↵c P value represents comparison between patients with NPR- and PRMS.