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Table 1: Demographic, clinical, and MRI characteristics of the study groups
HC (n = 65) CIS (n = 42) P value
Female (n [%]) 41 (63.1) 31 (73.8) .295
Age in years (mean [SD]) 42.8 (14) 40.1 (10.4) .288
Age at onset in years (mean [SD]) NA 38.8 (10.6) NA
Disease duration in years (mean [SD] median) NA 1.2 (1.3) 1 NA
EDSS (median [range]) NA 1.0 (0–2.5) NA
Presence of disease-modifying therapy NA 22 (52.4%) NA
Type of onset (n [%]) 
Polysymptomatic NA 7 (16.7%) 
Monosymptomatic NA 35 (83.3%) 
    Spinal cord syndrome 23 (65.7%) 
    Optic neuritis 8 (22.9%) 
    Brain stem/cerebellar 4 (11.4%) 
Gd lesion number (mean [SD]) NA .4 (1.1) NA
T2 lesion number (mean [SD]) NA 12.3 (15.3) NA
    1–4 lesions (n [%]) 15 (35.7%) 
    5–8 lesions (n [%]) 6 (14.3%) 
    ≥9 lesions (n [%]) 18 (42.9%) 
Gd lesion volume (mean [SD]) NA .08 (.3) NA
T2 lesion volume (mean [SD]) NA 1.7 (2.6) NA
NGMV (mean [SD]) 822.3 (63.2) 821.5 (58.2) .953
NWMV (mean [SD]) 775.3 (63.3) 760.6 (40.2) .154
NBV (mean [SD]) 1592.9 (99.6) 1583 (56.5) .521
NLVV (mean [SD]) 27.9 (13.7) 32.6 (18.9) .145
Note:—All lesion and brain volumes are expressed in milliliters. Of the 42 patients with CIS, 33 presented with brain T2 lesions and 9 with spinal cord T2 lesions. Differences between the groups were tested using the χ² (gender) test and Student t test. NA indicates not available.