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Table 1: Summary of clinical characteristics as univariate predictors of overall survival in 46 patients with gliomas
Characteristics No. % HR (95% CI) P Value
Age 
    50 Years or younger 18 39.1 1 
    Older than 50 years 28 60.9 7.62 (2.17–26.71) .002
Karnofsky performance score 
    ≥80 25 54.3 1 
    <80 21 45.7 2.86 (1.35–6.08) .007
Maximal tumor diameter 
    <4 cm 17 37 1 
    ≥4 cm 29 63 1.30 (0.61–2.80) .50
Surgery 
    Biopsy only 9 19.6 1 
    Resection 37 80.4 4.19 (1.77–9.93) .001
Histopathologic grade 
    Grade 2 (8 pure astrocytomas, 1 oligodendroglioma) 9 19.6 1 
    Grade 3 (6 pure astrocytomas, 2 oligoastrocytomas, 1 oligodendroglioma) 9 19.6 0.087 (0.83–9.45) .87
    Grade 4 (26 pure astrocytomas, 2 oligoastrocytomas) 28 40.8 4.14 (1.25–13.8) .02
Steroid administration 
    No 18 39.1 1 
    Yes 28 61.9 2.11 (0.96–4.65) .06

Characteristics	No.	%	HR (95% CI)	P Value
Age
50 Years or younger	18	39.1	1
Older than 50 years	28	60.9	7.62 (2.17–26.71)	.002
Karnofsky performance score
≥80	25	54.3	1
<80	21	45.7	2.86 (1.35–6.08)	.007
Maximal tumor diameter
<4 cm	17	37	1
≥4 cm	29	63	1.30 (0.61–2.80)	.50
Surgery
Biopsy only	9	19.6	1
Resection	37	80.4	4.19 (1.77–9.93)	.001
Histopathologic grade
Grade 2 (8 pure astrocytomas, 1 oligodendroglioma)	9	19.6	1
Grade 3 (6 pure astrocytomas, 2 oligoastrocytomas, 1 oligodendroglioma)	9	19.6	0.087 (0.83–9.45)	.87
Grade 4 (26 pure astrocytomas, 2 oligoastrocytomas)	28	40.8	4.14 (1.25–13.8)	.02
Steroid administration
No	18	39.1	1
Yes	28	61.9	2.11 (0.96–4.65)	.06