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Clinical characteristics of patients treated for velopharyngeal insufficiency
Characteristics
No. of patients15
Mean age (SD) (yr)21.3 (21.9)
Median age (yr) (minimum, maximum)10 (3, 68)
No. (%) female8 (53.3)
Comorbidities (No.) (%)
    Velocardiofacial syndrome3 (20.0)
    Neurofibromatosis type 13 (20.0)
    Postsurgical complication3 (20.0)
    Collet-Sicard syndrome1 (6.7)
    Pierre-Robin sequence1 (6.7)
    Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy1 (6.7)
    Chiari II1 (6.7)
    Cleft palate1 (6.7)
    Sensorineural hearing loss1 (6.7)
Injection agent
    No. dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (%)14 (93.3)
    No. hyaluronic acid (%)1 (6.7)
    Mean (SD) volume of implant injected (mL)3.2 ± 1.2