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Characteristics of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage with and without sentinel headachea
Sentinel HeadacheNo Sentinel HeadacheP Value
Age (yr)54.145.2–71.853.649.2–60.8.8336b
Admission scores
    Glasgow Coma Scale13.07.8–14.414.09.9–13.6.1912b
    Hunt and Hess Grade3.02.4–4.13.02.5–3.5.4507b
    WFNS grade3.02.2–4.12.02.0–3.2.2618b
Radiologic features
    Fisher score3.02.8–3.43.02.9–3.0.1155b
    Intraventricular hemorrhage562.5%1352.0%.6992c
    Intracerebral hemorrhage225.0%416.0%.6162c
    Acute hydrocephalus562.5%1976.0%.6510c
Aneurysm location
    ACA/AcomA225.0%1144.0%.5436d
    ICA/PcomA337.5%520.0%
    MCA225.0%832.0%
    Posterior circulation112.5%14.0%
Aneurysm characteristics
    Dome size (mm)6.54.6–10.67.06.5–7.9.8155b
    Neck size (mm)3.01.5–5.53.42.7–5.0.6447b
Aneurysm occlusion
    Surgical occlusion450.0%936.0%.6573d
    Endovascular occlusion337.5%1456.0%
    None112.5%28.0%
Further treatment
    DHC112.5%28.0%1.0000c
    VP shunt337.5%728.0%.6728c
    Balloon dilation–0%832.0%.1516c
Complications
    Angiographic vasospasm112.5%1664.0%.0167c
    DIND–0%1040.0%.0715c
    DCI–0%520.0%.3023c
    Rebleeding–0%28.0%1.0000c
Outcome at discharge
    Death337.5%520.0%.3659c
    Unfavorable (mRS 4–5)–0%14.0%1.0000c
    Favorable (mRS 0–3)562.5%1976.0%.6510c
    MoCA15.00.4–34.218.011.0–20.9.9108b
Total8100%25100%
  • Note:—ACA indicates anterior cerebral artery; AcomA, anterior communicating artery; DCI, delayed cerebral ischemia; DHC, decompressive hemicraniectomy; DIND, delayed ischemic neurologic deficit; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PcomA, posterior communicating artery; VP, ventriculoperitoneal; WFNS, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grading scale.
  • ↵a The rates of vasospasm and DIND are lower in patients with sentinel headache probably due to higher early mortality in this group. Results are presented as medians with 95% confidence intervals for nominal variables and in absolute numbers and percentages for categoric variables.
  • ↵b Mann-Whitney test.
  • ↵c Fisher exact test.
  • ↵d χ2 test.