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Table 1: Blood flow parameters
Internal Jugular Vein Flow Arterial Flow
Unrestricted Flow Jugular Compression Unrestricted Flow Jugular Compression
Mean vessel area (cm²) 
    Mean 1.17 ± 0.54 0.70 ± 0.35 1.0 ± 0.77 0.97 ± 0.68
    Range 0.40–2.18 0.29–1.41 −0.99–1.53 −0.76–1.56
    t test t = 3.56, P = .005^{^a} t = 0.51, P = .604
Mean flow rate (mL/min) (caudal flow for venous flow, cranial for arterial) 
    Mean 572.2 ± 219.7 460.8 ± 202.4 814.7 ± 221.9 815.3 ± 290.6
    Range 153.8–862.2 135–726.4 268–989.2 127.7–1070
    t test t = 2.85, P = .008^{^a} −0.01, P = .989
Flow-rate amplitude (mL/min) 
    Mean 974.1 ± 523.6 382.6 ± 312.7 1803.8 ± 490.1 1720.6 ± 688.4
    Range 198.5–1838.8 56.8–1069.0 601.4–2290.2 282.8–2721.4
    t test t = 3.75, P = .002^{^a} t = 0.58, P = .558
↵a P < .05, paired t test.

	Internal Jugular Vein Flow		Arterial Flow
	Unrestricted Flow	Jugular Compression	Unrestricted Flow	Jugular Compression
Mean vessel area (cm²)
Mean	1.17 ± 0.54	0.70 ± 0.35	1.0 ± 0.77	0.97 ± 0.68
Range	0.40–2.18	0.29–1.41	−0.99–1.53	−0.76–1.56
t test	t = 3.56, P = .005^{^a}		t = 0.51, P = .604
Mean flow rate (mL/min) (caudal flow for venous flow, cranial for arterial)
Mean	572.2 ± 219.7	460.8 ± 202.4	814.7 ± 221.9	815.3 ± 290.6
Range	153.8–862.2	135–726.4	268–989.2	127.7–1070
t test	t = 2.85, P = .008^{^a}		−0.01, P = .989
Flow-rate amplitude (mL/min)
Mean	974.1 ± 523.6	382.6 ± 312.7	1803.8 ± 490.1	1720.6 ± 688.4
Range	198.5–1838.8	56.8–1069.0	601.4–2290.2	282.8–2721.4
t test	t = 3.75, P = .002^{^a}		t = 0.58, P = .558