1naresh
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Risk Factors for PML Development in Patients Treated with NTZ Duration of Therapy ≥24 Months Risk stratification of patients High risk Prior immunosuppressive therapy Evidence of JCV antibody seropositivity Presence of anti-JCV antibodies Increased treatment duration, especially beyond 2 yr Immunosuppressant use prior to receiving NTZ High JCV titers Low risk Patients negative for anti-JCV antibody (risk is <0.09/1000) Methods of reducing risk All patients receiving NTZ should be screened for previous JCV infection Serologic testing for patients negative for JCV every 6 mo Patients positive for JCV who have been treated with NTZ for >2 yr should be switched to another second-line therapy Increased frequency of imaging surveillance for high-risk patients (eg, every 3–4 mo) Comparison of surveillance images with previous MR imaging
Note:—JCV indicates John Cunningham virus.