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Table 3: 2D noncontrast protocol
Name TOF MRA Localizer Oblique T1WI Localizer T1WI T2WI 3D-TOF MPRAGE
Plaque feature Localize artery Localize bifurcation Plaque burden and distribution LRNC Stenosis, ulceration, calcification Intraplaque hemorrhage
Sequence^{^a} FFE/SPGR TSE/FSE TSE/FSE TSE/FSE FFE/SPGR IR-TFE/IR-FSPGR
Image mode 2D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D
Scan plane Axial Oblique Axial Axial Axial Axial
TR (ms) 25 2000 800 4800 24 13
TE (ms) 4 8 10 50 Minimum Minimum
FOV (cm) 16 × 12 16 × 16 16 × 16 16 × 16 16 × 16 16 × 16
Resolution (mm²) 0.63 × 0.83 0.63 × 0.63 0.63 × 0.63 0.63 × 0.63 0.63 × 0.63 0.63 × 0.63
Slice thickness (mm) 2 2 2 2 2/−1 2/−1
No. of slices 32 6 16 16 40 40
Blood suppression None DIR DIR DIR None^{^b} None
Special parameters Flip angle = 40° Echo-train = 14; 3 slices/TR Echo-train = 10; Echo-train = 12; 8 slices/TR Flip angle = 20° Flip angle = 15°, turbo factor = 30, TI = 500 ms, IRTR = 800 ms
Fat suppression No Yes Yes Yes No Water excitation
Note:—DIR indicates double inversion recovery; FSPGR, fast-spoiled gradient recalled.
↵a Siemens/Philips/GE acronyms.
↵b Pulse gating not required for any sequence.