Table 1:

Clinical presentation of patients with deep lumbosacral spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas

Case No.	Age (yr)/Sex	Duration of Symptoms (mo)	Symptoms at Time of Diagnosis	AL-Score	Previous Diagnosis and Treatment
1	66, M	24	Paraparesis 3/5^{^a}, sensory transverse lesion L5, sphincter dysfunction	3	Lumbar disc prolapse: discectomy L4–5
2	56, M	36	Paraparesis 3/5, sensory transverse lesion L2	3
3	63, M	24	Paraparesis 2–3/5, sensory transverse lesion L1, sphincter dysfunction	4
4	60, M	30	Paraparesis 4/5, sensory transverse lesion L4, sphincter dysfunction	3	Lumbar disc prolapse: discectomy L3–4, L4–5
5	71, M	14	Distal accentuated paraparesis 3/5, mild hypesthesia of the right leg	3
6	66, M	18	Paraparesis 3/5, sensory transverse lesion L5, sphincter dysfunction	4	Lumbar spinal stenosis: dorsal decompression L1–2
7	55, M	2	Paraplegia and anesthesia below T8, sphincter dysfunction	5
8	67, M	26	Paraparesis 4/5, sensory transverse lesion T12, sphincter dysfunction	2	Intramedullary tumor: biopsy
9	73, M	9	Paraparesis 3/5, sensory transverse lesion T5, sphincter dysfunction	4	Intramedullary tumor: biopsy
10	70, M	3	Paraparesis 3/5, sensory transverse lesion S1, sphincter dysfunction	4
11	69, M	6	Paraparesis 1–2/5, sensory transverse lesion L4, sphincter dysfunction	5
12	67, F	12	No paresis, hypesthesia below T11, ataxia	1
13	63, M	1	Paraparesis 3/5, sphincter dysfunction	3
14	61, M	11	Distal accentuated paraparesis 3/5, hypesthesia of the right leg, ataxia, sphincter dysfunction	3	Lumbar spinal stenosis: dorsal decompression and discectomies L4–5, L5–S1
15	67, F	9	Paraparesis 4/5, dysesthesia below T12, paresthesia on the dorsum of the left foot	2	Lumbar disc prolapse: discectomy L5–S1
16	63, M	ND	No paresis, sensory transverse lesion L1, ataxia, sphincter dysfunction	1	Repeat insufficient embolizations of lsSDAVF
17	55, M	10	Monoparesis left foot	1	Lumbar stenosis: dorsal decompression
18	78, M	4	Spastic paraparesis 3/5, paresthesia in both feet, sphincter dysfunction	4
19	74, M	24	Paresis of the left leg 4/5, diffuse paresthesia of the lower extremities	2
20	53, F	6	No paresis, diffuse paresthesia of the lower extremities, mild ataxia, mild sphincter dysfunction	1

Note:—AL-Score indicates Aminoff-Logue disability score; ND, no data.
↵a Muscle strength grade.