1naresh2naresh
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Diagnostic Characteristics Manifestations Major criteria Ocular coloboma Coloboma of the iris, retina, choroid, disc; microphthalmos Choanal atresia or stenosis Unilateral or bilateral, bony or membranous, atresia or stenosis Cranial nerve dysfunction or anomaly I, Hyposmia or anosmia VII, Facial palsy (unilateral or bilateral) VIII, Hypoplasia of auditory nerve IX/X, Swallowing problems with aspiration CHARGE syndrome ear Outer ear: short, wide ear with little or no lobe, “snipped off” helix, prominent antihelix that is often discontinuous with tragus, triangular concha, decreased cartilage; often protruding and usually asymmetric Middle ear: ossicular malformations Cochlea: incomplete partition Vestibular apparatus: absent or hypoplastic semicircular canals Minor criteria Genital hypoplasia Males: micropenis, cryptorchidism Females: hypoplastic labia Developmental delay Delayed milestones, hypotonia Cardiovascular malformation Conotruncal defects (eg, tetralogy of Fallot), atrioventricular canal defects, aortic arch anomalies Growth deficiency Short stature, usually postnatal with or without growth hormone deficiency Orofacial cleft Cleft lip and/or palate Tracheoesophageal fistula Tracheoesophageal defects of all types Distinctive facial features Square face with broad prominent forehead, prominent nasal bridge and columella, flat midface