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Baseline characteristics patients with PXE and controlsa
CharacteristicPXE (n = 49)Controls (n = 40)P Value
Age (yr)57 (SD, 12)58 (SD, 11).49
Male sex (No.) (%)24 (49%)20 (50%).92
Systolic BP (mm Hg)136 (SD, 20)133 (SD, 15).59
Diastolic BP (mm Hg)77 (SD, 12)79 (SD, 10).33
Statin use (No.) (%)25 (51%)5 (13%)<.01
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)2.8 (SD, 0.91)3.6 (SD, 0.83)<.01
Hypercholesterolemia (No.) (%)42 (86%)37 (93%).31
Current smoking (No.) (%)6 (12%)4 (11%).84
Pulsatility measurements
 ICA C4 (No.)9379
 PI1.12 (0.98–1.22)0.94 (0.81–1.08)<.01
 Distensibility (mm Hg–1)0.18 (0.16–0.24)0.21 (0.17–0.25).14
 Mean velocity (cm/s)22.8 (17.9–29.5)18.9 (15.4–23.7)<.01
ICA C6 (No.)7034
 PI0.96 (0.89–1.09)0.83 (0.75–0.94)<.01
 Distensibility (mm Hg–1)0.33 (0.27–0.43)0.57 (0.45–0.63)<.01
 Mean velocity (cm/s)32.5 (28.2–37.8)29.7 (24.9–37.7).08
MCA (No.)9577
 PI0.92 (0.82–1.05)0.79 (0.67–0.87)<.01
 Distensibility (mm Hg–1)0.30 (0.25–0.40)0.48 (0.42–0.57)<.01
 Mean velocity (cm/s)36.6 (32.0–42.2)38.3 (33.8–48.7).05
Pulsatility attenuation
 C4 to C6–0.09 (–0.13 to –0.06)–0.11 (–0.16 to –0.08).03
 C6 to MCA–0.06 (–0.09 to –0.02)–0.05 (–0.14–0.00).59
 C4 to MCA–0.16 (–0.21 to –0.11)–0.16 (–0.24 to –0.11).48
  • Note:—BP indicates blood pressure; C4, cavernous ICA segment; C6, ophthalmic ICA segment; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
  • ↵a Data are means and median and interquartile range or No. (%).