Table 1:

Demographics and characteristics of included neonates

	Extremely Preterm Neonates^{^a} (n = 35)		Unpaired T Test^{^b}/Fisher Exact Test^{^c}
	Female (n = 17)	Male (n = 18)	Unpaired T Test^{^b}/Fisher Exact Test^{^c}
Neonatal characteristics
GA at birth (weeks+days)^{^d}	26 + 0, SD = 1 + 4;R = 23 + 3–27 + 6	26 + 1, SD = 1 + 3;R = 23 + 4–27 + 6	P = .787
Vaginal delivery	n = 3	n = 2	P = .658
Caesarean delivery	n = 14	n = 16	P = .658
Birth weight (g)^{^d}	773, SD = 250;R = 480–1500	918, SD = 241;R = 530–1300	P = .091
Singleton pregnancy	n = 10	n = 12	P = .733
Multiple pregnancy	n = 7	n = 6	P = .733
Surfactant received	n = 17	n = 18	P > .999
PMA at MR imaging (weeks+days)^{^d}	37 + 4, SD = 2 + 1;R = 34 + 0–43 + 4	37 + 0, SD = 1 + 2;R = 35 + 1–40 + 2	P = .283
Maternal characteristics
Maternal age at delivery (yr)^{^d}	33, SD = 5; R = 22–40	30, SD = 6; R = 19–38	P = .145
Presence of pre-eclampsia	n = 5	n = 2	P = .228
Presence of GDM	n = 1	n = 0	P = .486
Presence of IAI^{^e}	n = 2	n = 2	P > .999
Neonatal mortality risk
CRIB II scored^d	11, SD = 2; R = 7–16	11, SD = 3; R = 8–17	P = .928
Neonatal diagnoses^{^f}
Perinatal asphyxia^{^g}	n = 4	n = 6	P = .711
Patent ductus arteriosus	n = 3	n = 0	P = .104
Necrotizing enterocolitis	n = 1	n = 1	P > .999
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia	n = 3	n = 3	P > .999
Retinopathy of prematurity	n = 9	n = 7	P = .505

Note:—CRIB II indicates Clinical Risk Index for Babies II; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; IAI, intra-amniotic infection (corioamnionitis).
↵a Born before 28 weeks’ gestation (routine MR imaging of the preterm neonatal brain at approximately term-equivalent age).
↵b Applies to metric data.
↵c Applies to categoric variables.
↵d Data presented as mean (SD) and range (R).
↵e Based on clinical presentation, placental histology, bacterial culture, and blood markers of inflammation.
↵f Neonates could be represented in multiple rows (>1 condition).
↵g Based on clinical presentation, Apgar scores, umbilical cord pH, and first blood gas analysis (pH, base excess, and lactate) (absence of asphyxia-induced brain injury).