Table 2:

Association of vascular risk factors and the presence of microinfarcts in the deep gray matter on 7T MR imaging^{^a}

	Patients with Microinfarcts in the Deep Gray Matter (n = 28)	Patients without Microinfarcts in the Deep Gray Matter (n = 185)	All Patients (n = 213)	Microinfarct (Presence vs Absence) RR (95% CI)^{^b}
Age (yr)	70 (SD, 7)	64 (SD, 9)	64 (SD, 9)	1.05 (1.02–1.08)^{^c,^d}
Sex (% men)	85.7	82.2	82.6	0.78 (0.30–2.02)^{^e}
History of stroke (%)	50.0	23.2	26.8	2.88 (1.24–6.67)^{^d}
BMI (kg/m²)	28 (SD, 4)	27 (SD, 4)	27 (SD, 4)	1.20 (0.87–1.65)
Smoking (pack-years)^{^f}	27 (0, 56)	20 (0, 47)	22 (0, 49)	1.11 (0.87–1.42)
Alcohol intake
No or <1 U/week (%)	22.2	26.5	25.9	1 (reference)
1–10 U/week (%)	59.3	41.1	43.4	1.55 (0.67–3.61)
≥11 U/week (%)	18.5	32.4	30.7	0.65 (0.22–1.98)
Hypertension (%)	96.4	72.4	75.6	3.16 (1.30–7.65)^{^d}
Diabetes mellitus (%)	14.3	16.2	16.0	0.85 (0.32–2.21)
Carotid stenosis ≥50% (%)	17.9	7.6	8.9	1.39 (0.70–2.75)
Hypercholesterolemia (%)	77.8	86.4	85.3	1.33 (0.86–2.05)
IMT (mm)	1.0 (SD, 0.3)	0.8 (SD, 0.2)	0.9 (SD, 0.2)	1.29 (1.04–1.61)^{^d}
ABI	1.1 (SD, 0.2)	1.1 (SD, 0.1)	1.1 (SD, 0.2)	0.86 (0.67–1.11)
Homocysteine (µmol/l)	13.0 (SD, 5.2)	12.5 (SD, 4.3)	12.5 (SD, 4.4)	1.07 (0.40–2.82)
APOB (g/L)	0.8 (SD, 0.2)	0.8 (SD, 0.2)	0.8 (SD, 0.2)	0.84 (0.58–1.23)
Metabolic syndrome	60.7	51.4	52.6	1.47 (0.74–2.91)
≥1 APOE ε4 allele (%)	35.7	28.1	29.1	1.58 (0.79–3.20)

Note:—BMI indicates body mass index; IMT, intima-media thickness; ABI, ankle brachial index; APOB, apolipoprotein B; APOE, apolipoprotein E
↵a Characteristics are presented as mean (SD) or percentage. RR represents the relative risk for microinfarcts in the presence of a risk factor (in case of a dichotomous variable) or for 1 SD increase in the risk factor (in case of a continuous variable).
↵b Log-binomial regression with adjustment for age.
↵c Per year increase.
↵d P < .05.
↵e Men versus women.
↵f Median (10th percentile, 90th percentile). Natural log-transformed due to a non-normal distribution in the analysis.