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Table 5: Classification of each spinal level as normal, mild, moderate, and severe stenosis on the prognostic cohort (n = 58) using decision trees trained on the development cohort (n = 130)
κ Scores for Grading Stenosis across Surgical vs Nonsurgical Levels
Metric Nonsurgical Levels Surgical Levels Significance^{^a}
κ 95% CI κ 95% CI P Value
DSCA 0.65 (0.57–0.75) 0.74 (0.63–0.85) P < .001
DSDIA 0.67 (0.58–0.77) 0.68 (0.51–0.85) P = .23
DDRDIA 0.69 (0.61–0.76)^{^b} 0.77^{^b} (0.65–0.90)^{^b} P < .001^{^b}
DDRCA 0.71 (0.62–0.79) 0.73 (0.58–0.87) P < .001
↵a The P values represent a comparison of κ scores between nonsurgical and surgical levels.
↵b The metric with the highest κ score for surgical levels.

κ Scores for Grading Stenosis across Surgical vs Nonsurgical Levels
Metric	Nonsurgical Levels		Surgical Levels		Significance^{^a}
Metric	κ	95% CI	κ	95% CI	P Value
DSCA	0.65	(0.57–0.75)	0.74	(0.63–0.85)	P < .001
DSDIA	0.67	(0.58–0.77)	0.68	(0.51–0.85)	P = .23
DDRDIA	0.69	(0.61–0.76)^{^b}	0.77^{^b}	(0.65–0.90)^{^b}	P < .001^{^b}
DDRCA	0.71	(0.62–0.79)	0.73	(0.58–0.87)	P < .001