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<meta name="DC.Title" content="MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A5441" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2018-02-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2018 by American Journal of Neuroradiology. Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org" />
<meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="open-access" />
<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In glioblastoma, tumor-associated macrophages have tumor-promoting properties. This study determined whether routine MR imaging features could predict molecular subtypes of glioblastoma that differ in the content of tumor-associated macrophages.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven internally derived MR imaging features were assessed in 180 patients, and 25 features from the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images feature set were assessed in 164 patients. Glioblastomas were divided into subtypes based on the telomere maintenance mechanism: alternative lengthening of telomeres positive (ALT+) and negative (ALT−) and the content of tumor-associated macrophages (with [M+] or without [M−] a high content of macrophages). The 3 most frequent subtypes (ALT+/M−, ALT−/M+, and ALT−/M−) were correlated with MR imaging features and clinical parameters. The fourth group (ALT+/M+) did not have enough cases for correlation with MR imaging features.

RESULTS: Tumors with a regular margin and those lacking a fungating margin, an expansive T1/FLAIR ratio, and reduced ependymal extension were more frequent in the subgroup of ALT+/M− ( P &lt; .05). Radiologic necrosis, lack of cystic component (by both criteria), and extensive peritumoral edema were more frequent in ALT−/M+ tumors ( P &lt; .05). Multivariate testing with a Cox regression analysis found the cystic imaging feature was additive to tumor subtype, and O6-methylguanine methyltransferase ( MGMT ) status to predict improved patient survival ( P &lt; .05).

CONCLUSIONS: Glioblastomas with tumor-associated macrophages are associated with routine MR imaging features consistent with these tumors being more aggressive. Inclusion of cystic change with molecular subtypes and MGMT status provided a better estimate of survival.

ALT
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres
ALT−
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres negative
ALT+
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres positive
IDH 
:   isocitrate dehydrogenase 
M+
:   a tumor with a high content of tumor-associated macrophages
M−
:   a tumor with a low content of tumor-associated macrophages
MGMT 
:   O6-methylguanine methyltransferase 
PTE
:   peritumoral edema
VASARI
:   Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Zhou" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.V. Reddy" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B.K.J. Wilson" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D.A. Blair" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Taha" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C.M. Frampton" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R.A. Eiholzer" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P.Y.C. Gan" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="F. Ziad" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Z. Thotathil" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Kirs" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="N.A. Hung" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.A. Royds" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T.L. Slatter" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2018-02-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Adult Brain" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In glioblastoma, tumor-associated macrophages have tumor-promoting properties. This study determined whether routine MR imaging features could predict molecular subtypes of glioblastoma that differ in the content of tumor-associated macrophages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Seven internally derived MR imaging features were assessed in 180 patients, and 25 features from the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images feature set were assessed in 164 patients. Glioblastomas were divided into subtypes based on the telomere maintenance mechanism: alternative lengthening of telomeres positive (ALT+) and negative (ALT−) and the content of tumor-associated macrophages (with [M+] or without [M−] a high content of macrophages). The 3 most frequent subtypes (ALT+/M−, ALT−/M+, and ALT−/M−) were correlated with MR imaging features and clinical parameters. The fourth group (ALT+/M+) did not have enough cases for correlation with MR imaging features.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Tumors with a regular margin and those lacking a fungating margin, an expansive T1/FLAIR ratio, and reduced ependymal extension were more frequent in the subgroup of ALT+/M− (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .05). Radiologic necrosis, lack of cystic component (by both criteria), and extensive peritumoral edema were more frequent in ALT−/M+ tumors (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .05). Multivariate testing with a Cox regression analysis found the cystic imaging feature was additive to tumor subtype, and &lt;i&gt;O6-methylguanine methyltransferase&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;MGMT&lt;/i&gt;) status to predict improved patient survival (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Glioblastomas with tumor-associated macrophages are associated with routine MR imaging features consistent with these tumors being more aggressive. Inclusion of cystic change with molecular subtypes and &lt;i&gt;MGMT&lt;/i&gt; status provided a better estimate of survival.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2018/02/01" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="J. Zhou" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="R.A. Eiholzer" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In glioblastoma, tumor-associated macrophages have tumor-promoting properties. This study determined whether routine MR imaging features could predict molecular subtypes of glioblastoma that differ in the content of tumor-associated macrophages.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven internally derived MR imaging features were assessed in 180 patients, and 25 features from the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images feature set were assessed in 164 patients. Glioblastomas were divided into subtypes based on the telomere maintenance mechanism: alternative lengthening of telomeres positive (ALT+) and negative (ALT−) and the content of tumor-associated macrophages (with [M+] or without [M−] a high content of macrophages). The 3 most frequent subtypes (ALT+/M−, ALT−/M+, and ALT−/M−) were correlated with MR imaging features and clinical parameters. The fourth group (ALT+/M+) did not have enough cases for correlation with MR imaging features.

RESULTS: Tumors with a regular margin and those lacking a fungating margin, an expansive T1/FLAIR ratio, and reduced ependymal extension were more frequent in the subgroup of ALT+/M− ( P &lt; .05). Radiologic necrosis, lack of cystic component (by both criteria), and extensive peritumoral edema were more frequent in ALT−/M+ tumors ( P &lt; .05). Multivariate testing with a Cox regression analysis found the cystic imaging feature was additive to tumor subtype, and O6-methylguanine methyltransferase ( MGMT ) status to predict improved patient survival ( P &lt; .05).

CONCLUSIONS: Glioblastomas with tumor-associated macrophages are associated with routine MR imaging features consistent with these tumors being more aggressive. Inclusion of cystic change with molecular subtypes and MGMT status provided a better estimate of survival.

ALT
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres
ALT−
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres negative
ALT+
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres positive
IDH 
:   isocitrate dehydrogenase 
M+
:   a tumor with a high content of tumor-associated macrophages
M−
:   a tumor with a low content of tumor-associated macrophages
MGMT 
:   O6-methylguanine methyltransferase 
PTE
:   peritumoral edema
VASARI
:   Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/39/2/252" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In glioblastoma, tumor-associated macrophages have tumor-promoting properties. This study determined whether routine MR imaging features could predict molecular subtypes of glioblastoma that differ in the content of tumor-associated macrophages.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven internally derived MR imaging features were assessed in 180 patients, and 25 features from the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images feature set were assessed in 164 patients. Glioblastomas were divided into subtypes based on the telomere maintenance mechanism: alternative lengthening of telomeres positive (ALT+) and negative (ALT−) and the content of tumor-associated macrophages (with [M+] or without [M−] a high content of macrophages). The 3 most frequent subtypes (ALT+/M−, ALT−/M+, and ALT−/M−) were correlated with MR imaging features and clinical parameters. The fourth group (ALT+/M+) did not have enough cases for correlation with MR imaging features.

RESULTS: Tumors with a regular margin and those lacking a fungating margin, an expansive T1/FLAIR ratio, and reduced ependymal extension were more frequent in the subgroup of ALT+/M− ( P &lt; .05). Radiologic necrosis, lack of cystic component (by both criteria), and extensive peritumoral edema were more frequent in ALT−/M+ tumors ( P &lt; .05). Multivariate testing with a Cox regression analysis found the cystic imaging feature was additive to tumor subtype, and O6-methylguanine methyltransferase ( MGMT ) status to predict improved patient survival ( P &lt; .05).

CONCLUSIONS: Glioblastomas with tumor-associated macrophages are associated with routine MR imaging features consistent with these tumors being more aggressive. Inclusion of cystic change with molecular subtypes and MGMT status provided a better estimate of survival.

ALT
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres
ALT−
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres negative
ALT+
:   alternative lengthening of telomeres positive
IDH 
:   isocitrate dehydrogenase 
M+
:   a tumor with a high content of tumor-associated macrophages
M−
:   a tumor with a low content of tumor-associated macrophages
MGMT 
:   O6-methylguanine methyltransferase 
PTE
:   peritumoral edema
VASARI
:   Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node58350--5" data-node-nid="58350" id="top-node-58350--6631864634" data-pisa="ajnr;39/2/252" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A5441" data-apath="/ajnr/39/2/252.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Adult Brain</span></span></div>
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><i class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access open-access hw-icon-open-access" title="Open Access" aria-hidden="true"></i><span  class="element-invisible highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access" style="">Open Access</span></span></div>
  
      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">J. Zhou</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">M.V. Reddy</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">B.K.J. Wilson</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">D.A. Blair</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">A. Taha</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">C.M. Frampton</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">R.A. Eiholzer</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">P.Y.C. Gan</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">F. Ziad</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">Z. Thotathil</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10">S. Kirs</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11">N.A. Hung</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12">J.A. Royds</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13">T.L. Slatter</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">February 2018,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">39 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">252-259; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5441 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-58350--6631864634" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Zhou </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (J.Z., M.V.R., B.K.J.W.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Pathology (J.Z., R.A.E., N.A.H., J.A.R., T.L.S.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BZhou%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zhou%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BZhou%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4084-6492" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J. Zhou</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.V. Reddy </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (J.Z., M.V.R., B.K.J.W.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.V.%2BReddy%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Reddy%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.V.%2BReddy%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-6801" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M.V. Reddy</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">B.K.J. Wilson </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (J.Z., M.V.R., B.K.J.W.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=B.K.J.%2BWilson%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Wilson%20B&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AB.K.J.%2BWilson%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-7549" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for B.K.J. Wilson</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D.A. Blair </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Departments of Radiology (D.A.B.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.A.%2BBlair%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Blair%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.A.%2BBlair%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7436-1744" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for D.A. Blair</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Taha </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neurosurgery (A.T.), Southern District Health Board, Dunedin, New Zealand</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Surgical Sciences (A.T., S.K.), Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BTaha%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Taha%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BTaha%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0268-6152" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Taha</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C.M. Frampton </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>i</span>Department of Medicine (C.M.F.), University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.M.%2BFrampton%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Frampton%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.M.%2BFrampton%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0603-5661" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C.M. Frampton</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">R.A. Eiholzer </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Pathology (J.Z., R.A.E., N.A.H., J.A.R., T.L.S.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=R.A.%2BEiholzer%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Eiholzer%20R&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AR.A.%2BEiholzer%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5050-1370" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for R.A. 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Gan </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Neurosurgery (P.Y.C.G.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.Y.C.%2BGan%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Gan%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.Y.C.%2BGan%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-0434" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for P.Y.C. Gan</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. 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Ziad</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Z. Thotathil </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>h</span>Medical Oncology (Z.T.), Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Z.%2BThotathil%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Thotathil%20Z&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AZ.%2BThotathil%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7025-0107" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Z. Thotathil</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-10"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. 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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zhou</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.V.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Reddy</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.K.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Wilson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Blair</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Taha</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Frampton</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Eiholzer</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.Y.C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ziad</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">Z.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Thotathil</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kirs</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">N.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hung</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Royds</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">T.L.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Slatter</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Feb 2018, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">39 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">252-259; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A5441 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zhou</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.V.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Reddy</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.K.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Wilson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Blair</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Taha</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Frampton</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Eiholzer</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.Y.C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ziad</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">Z.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Thotathil</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kirs</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">N.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hung</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Royds</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">T.L.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Slatter</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Feb 2018, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">39 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">252-259; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A5441 </span></div>
  
  
  
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