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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Pseudo-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Found in Patients with Postresuscitation Encephalopathy: Characteristics of CT Findings and Clinical Importance" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A1167" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2008-09-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright © American Society of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: High-attenuation areas (HDAs) called pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs) may develop in some patients resuscitated from cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA), though no hemorrhage has occurred. We investigated the imaging characteristics and clinical significance of this phenomenon.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT images of consecutive patients resuscitated from nontraumatic CPA were reviewed and classified into cases with pseudo-SAH (pseudo-SAH[+] group, n = 9), those without pseudo-SAH (pseudo-SAH[−] group, n = 28), and those with true SAH (SAH-CPA group, n = 8). Typical patients with SAH (SAH group, n = 13) and 20 healthy individuals were also extracted as control groups. The degree of brain edema was scored visually as none, mild, or severe, and the CT values of the HDAs and brain parenchyma were measured. These parameters were compared among the groups. We also compared the prognosis between the pseudo-SAH(+) and pseudo-SAH(−) groups.

RESULTS: On CT, pseudo-SAH was associated with severe brain edema, whereas there was mild or no edema without pseudo-SAH. The CT values of the HDAs in the pseudo-SAH(+) group were significantly lower than those of the CPA-SAH and SAH groups ( P &lt; .0001). The brain parenchyma of the pseudo-SAH(+) group had the lowest CT values among all of the groups ( P &lt; .0001). The prognosis of the pseudo-SAH(+) group was significantly poorer than that of the pseudo-SAH(−) group in terms of both clinical outcome ( P = .02) and survival ( P = .046).

CONCLUSION: The findings of pseudo-SAH have several imaging characteristics differing from SAH and predict a poor prognosis. This provides important information that can be used for deciding treatment strategies." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="H. Yuzawa" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Higano" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Mugikura" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Umetsu" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T. Murata" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Nakagawa" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Koyama" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Takahashi" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2008-09-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="BRAIN" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Pseudo-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Found in Patients with Postresuscitation Encephalopathy: Characteristics of CT Findings and Clinical Importance" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/b&gt; High-attenuation areas (HDAs) called pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs) may develop in some patients resuscitated from cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA), though no hemorrhage has occurred. We investigated the imaging characteristics and clinical significance of this phenomenon.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/b&gt; CT images of consecutive patients resuscitated from nontraumatic CPA were reviewed and classified into cases with pseudo-SAH (pseudo-SAH[+] group, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 9), those without pseudo-SAH (pseudo-SAH[−] group, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 28), and those with true SAH (SAH-CPA group, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 8). Typical patients with SAH (SAH group, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 13) and 20 healthy individuals were also extracted as control groups. The degree of brain edema was scored visually as none, mild, or severe, and the CT values of the HDAs and brain parenchyma were measured. These parameters were compared among the groups. We also compared the prognosis between the pseudo-SAH(+) and pseudo-SAH(−) groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/b&gt; On CT, pseudo-SAH was associated with severe brain edema, whereas there was mild or no edema without pseudo-SAH. The CT values of the HDAs in the pseudo-SAH(+) group were significantly lower than those of the CPA-SAH and SAH groups (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .0001). The brain parenchyma of the pseudo-SAH(+) group had the lowest CT values among all of the groups (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .0001). The prognosis of the pseudo-SAH(+) group was significantly poorer than that of the pseudo-SAH(−) group in terms of both clinical outcome (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .02) and survival (&lt;i&gt;P =&lt;/i&gt; .046).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/b&gt; The findings of pseudo-SAH have several imaging characteristics differing from SAH and predict a poor prognosis. This provides important information that can be used for deciding treatment strategies.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2008/09/01" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="H. Yuzawa" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="A. Nakagawa" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Pseudo-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Found in Patients with Postresuscitation Encephalopathy: Characteristics of CT Findings and Clinical Importance" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: High-attenuation areas (HDAs) called pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs) may develop in some patients resuscitated from cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA), though no hemorrhage has occurred. We investigated the imaging characteristics and clinical significance of this phenomenon.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT images of consecutive patients resuscitated from nontraumatic CPA were reviewed and classified into cases with pseudo-SAH (pseudo-SAH[+] group, n = 9), those without pseudo-SAH (pseudo-SAH[−] group, n = 28), and those with true SAH (SAH-CPA group, n = 8). Typical patients with SAH (SAH group, n = 13) and 20 healthy individuals were also extracted as control groups. The degree of brain edema was scored visually as none, mild, or severe, and the CT values of the HDAs and brain parenchyma were measured. These parameters were compared among the groups. We also compared the prognosis between the pseudo-SAH(+) and pseudo-SAH(−) groups.

RESULTS: On CT, pseudo-SAH was associated with severe brain edema, whereas there was mild or no edema without pseudo-SAH. The CT values of the HDAs in the pseudo-SAH(+) group were significantly lower than those of the CPA-SAH and SAH groups ( P &lt; .0001). The brain parenchyma of the pseudo-SAH(+) group had the lowest CT values among all of the groups ( P &lt; .0001). The prognosis of the pseudo-SAH(+) group was significantly poorer than that of the pseudo-SAH(−) group in terms of both clinical outcome ( P = .02) and survival ( P = .046).

CONCLUSION: The findings of pseudo-SAH have several imaging characteristics differing from SAH and predict a poor prognosis. This provides important information that can be used for deciding treatment strategies." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Pseudo-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Found in Patients with Postresuscitation Encephalopathy: Characteristics of CT Findings and Clinical Importance" />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: High-attenuation areas (HDAs) called pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs) may develop in some patients resuscitated from cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA), though no hemorrhage has occurred. We investigated the imaging characteristics and clinical significance of this phenomenon.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT images of consecutive patients resuscitated from nontraumatic CPA were reviewed and classified into cases with pseudo-SAH (pseudo-SAH[+] group, n = 9), those without pseudo-SAH (pseudo-SAH[−] group, n = 28), and those with true SAH (SAH-CPA group, n = 8). Typical patients with SAH (SAH group, n = 13) and 20 healthy individuals were also extracted as control groups. The degree of brain edema was scored visually as none, mild, or severe, and the CT values of the HDAs and brain parenchyma were measured. These parameters were compared among the groups. We also compared the prognosis between the pseudo-SAH(+) and pseudo-SAH(−) groups.

RESULTS: On CT, pseudo-SAH was associated with severe brain edema, whereas there was mild or no edema without pseudo-SAH. The CT values of the HDAs in the pseudo-SAH(+) group were significantly lower than those of the CPA-SAH and SAH groups ( P &lt; .0001). The brain parenchyma of the pseudo-SAH(+) group had the lowest CT values among all of the groups ( P &lt; .0001). The prognosis of the pseudo-SAH(+) group was significantly poorer than that of the pseudo-SAH(−) group in terms of both clinical outcome ( P = .02) and survival ( P = .046).

CONCLUSION: The findings of pseudo-SAH have several imaging characteristics differing from SAH and predict a poor prognosis. This provides important information that can be used for deciding treatment strategies." />
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">H. Yuzawa</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">S. Higano</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">S. Mugikura</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">A. Umetsu</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">T. Murata</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">A. Nakagawa</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">A. Koyama</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">S. Takahashi</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">September 2008,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1544-1549; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A1167 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-8396--611649875" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">H. Yuzawa </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=H.%2BYuzawa%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Yuzawa%20H&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AH.%2BYuzawa%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 29</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 8 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">September 2008 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Pseudo-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Found in Patients with Postresuscitation Encephalopathy: Characteristics of CT Findings and Clinical Importance</div>  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Sep 2008, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1544-1549; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1167 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Pseudo-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Found in Patients with Postresuscitation Encephalopathy: Characteristics of CT Findings and Clinical Importance</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Yuzawa</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Higano</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mugikura</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Umetsu</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">T.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Murata</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Nakagawa</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Koyama</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Takahashi</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Sep 2008, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1544-1549; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1167 </span></div>
  
  
  
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