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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Variable Porosity of the Pipeline Embolization Device in Straight and Curved Vessels: A Guide for Optimal Deployment Strategy" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A3742" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2013-09-26" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low-porosity endoluminal devices for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, also known as flow diverters, have been in experimental and clinical use for close to 10 years. Despite rigorous evidence of their safety and efficacy in well-controlled trials, a number of key factors concerning their use remain poorly defined. Among these, none has received more attention to date than the debate on how many devices are optimally required to achieve a safe, effective, and economical outcome. Additional, related questions concern device sizing relative to the parent artery and optimal method of deployment of the devices. While some or all of these issues may be ultimately answered on an empiric basis via subgroup analysis of growing treatment cohorts, we believe that careful in vitro examination of relevant device properties can also help guide its in vivo use.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a number of benchtop experiments to investigate the varied porosity of Pipeline Embolization Devices deployed in a simulated range of parent vessel diameters and applied these results toward conceptualizing optimal treatment strategies of fusiform and wide-neck aneurysms.

RESULTS: The results of our studies confirm a predictable parabolic variability in device porosity based on the respective comparative sizes of the device and recipient artery, as well as device curvature. Even modest oversizing leads to a significant increase in porosity.

CONCLUSIONS: The experiments demonstrate various deleterious effects of device oversizing relative to the parent artery and provide strategies for addressing size mismatches when they are unavoidable.

### Abbreviations

PED
:   Pipeline Embolization Device
PUFS
:   Pipeline for Uncoilable and Failed Aneurysms
TZ
:   transition zone" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Shapiro" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E. Raz" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T. Becske" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P.K. Nelson" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2013-09-26" />
<meta name="article:section" content="INTERVENTIONAL" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Variable Porosity of the Pipeline Embolization Device in Straight and Curved Vessels: A Guide for Optimal Deployment Strategy" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Low-porosity endoluminal devices for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, also known as flow diverters, have been in experimental and clinical use for close to 10 years. Despite rigorous evidence of their safety and efficacy in well-controlled trials, a number of key factors concerning their use remain poorly defined. Among these, none has received more attention to date than the debate on how many devices are optimally required to achieve a safe, effective, and economical outcome. Additional, related questions concern device sizing relative to the parent artery and optimal method of deployment of the devices. While some or all of these issues may be ultimately answered on an empiric basis via subgroup analysis of growing treatment cohorts, we believe that careful in vitro examination of relevant device properties can also help guide its in vivo use.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We conducted a number of benchtop experiments to investigate the varied porosity of Pipeline Embolization Devices deployed in a simulated range of parent vessel diameters and applied these results toward conceptualizing optimal treatment strategies of fusiform and wide-neck aneurysms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The results of our studies confirm a predictable parabolic variability in device porosity based on the respective comparative sizes of the device and recipient artery, as well as device curvature. Even modest oversizing leads to a significant increase in porosity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The experiments demonstrate various deleterious effects of device oversizing relative to the parent artery and provide strategies for addressing size mismatches when they are unavoidable.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="M. Shapiro" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology, Bernard and Irene Schwartz Neurointerventional Radiology Section, (M.S., E.R., T.B., P.K.N.), Neurosurgery (P.K.N.), and Neurology (M.S., T.B.), New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="E. Raz" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology, Bernard and Irene Schwartz Neurointerventional Radiology Section, (M.S., E.R., T.B., P.K.N.), Neurosurgery (P.K.N.), and Neurology (M.S., T.B.), New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="T. Becske" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="P.K. Nelson" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Variable Porosity of the Pipeline Embolization Device in Straight and Curved Vessels: A Guide for Optimal Deployment Strategy" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low-porosity endoluminal devices for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, also known as flow diverters, have been in experimental and clinical use for close to 10 years. Despite rigorous evidence of their safety and efficacy in well-controlled trials, a number of key factors concerning their use remain poorly defined. Among these, none has received more attention to date than the debate on how many devices are optimally required to achieve a safe, effective, and economical outcome. Additional, related questions concern device sizing relative to the parent artery and optimal method of deployment of the devices. While some or all of these issues may be ultimately answered on an empiric basis via subgroup analysis of growing treatment cohorts, we believe that careful in vitro examination of relevant device properties can also help guide its in vivo use.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a number of benchtop experiments to investigate the varied porosity of Pipeline Embolization Devices deployed in a simulated range of parent vessel diameters and applied these results toward conceptualizing optimal treatment strategies of fusiform and wide-neck aneurysms.

RESULTS: The results of our studies confirm a predictable parabolic variability in device porosity based on the respective comparative sizes of the device and recipient artery, as well as device curvature. Even modest oversizing leads to a significant increase in porosity.

CONCLUSIONS: The experiments demonstrate various deleterious effects of device oversizing relative to the parent artery and provide strategies for addressing size mismatches when they are unavoidable.

### Abbreviations

PED
:   Pipeline Embolization Device
PUFS
:   Pipeline for Uncoilable and Failed Aneurysms
TZ
:   transition zone" />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low-porosity endoluminal devices for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, also known as flow diverters, have been in experimental and clinical use for close to 10 years. Despite rigorous evidence of their safety and efficacy in well-controlled trials, a number of key factors concerning their use remain poorly defined. Among these, none has received more attention to date than the debate on how many devices are optimally required to achieve a safe, effective, and economical outcome. Additional, related questions concern device sizing relative to the parent artery and optimal method of deployment of the devices. While some or all of these issues may be ultimately answered on an empiric basis via subgroup analysis of growing treatment cohorts, we believe that careful in vitro examination of relevant device properties can also help guide its in vivo use.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a number of benchtop experiments to investigate the varied porosity of Pipeline Embolization Devices deployed in a simulated range of parent vessel diameters and applied these results toward conceptualizing optimal treatment strategies of fusiform and wide-neck aneurysms.

RESULTS: The results of our studies confirm a predictable parabolic variability in device porosity based on the respective comparative sizes of the device and recipient artery, as well as device curvature. Even modest oversizing leads to a significant increase in porosity.

CONCLUSIONS: The experiments demonstrate various deleterious effects of device oversizing relative to the parent artery and provide strategies for addressing size mismatches when they are unavoidable.

### Abbreviations

PED
:   Pipeline Embolization Device
PUFS
:   Pipeline for Uncoilable and Failed Aneurysms
TZ
:   transition zone" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node50418--5" data-node-nid="50418" id="top-node-50418--61332858957" data-pisa="ajnr;ajnr.A3742v1" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A3742" data-apath="/ajnr/early/2013/09/26/ajnr.A3742.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">INTERVENTIONAL</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Variable Porosity of the Pipeline Embolization Device in Straight and Curved Vessels: A Guide for Optimal Deployment Strategy</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">M. Shapiro</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">E. Raz</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">T. Becske</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">P.K. Nelson</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">September 2013,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3742 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-50418--61332858957" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Shapiro </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology, Bernard and Irene Schwartz Neurointerventional Radiology Section, (M.S., E.R., T.B., P.K.N.), Neurosurgery (P.K.N.), and Neurology (M.S., T.B.), New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BShapiro%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Shapiro%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BShapiro%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">E. Raz </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology, Bernard and Irene Schwartz Neurointerventional Radiology Section, (M.S., E.R., T.B., P.K.N.), Neurosurgery (P.K.N.), and Neurology (M.S., T.B.), New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=E.%2BRaz%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Raz%20E&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AE.%2BRaz%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">T. Becske </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology, Bernard and Irene Schwartz Neurointerventional Radiology Section, (M.S., E.R., T.B., P.K.N.), Neurosurgery (P.K.N.), and Neurology (M.S., T.B.), New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=T.%2BBecske%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Becske%20T&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AT.%2BBecske%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P.K. Nelson </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology, Bernard and Irene Schwartz Neurointerventional Radiology Section, (M.S., E.R., T.B., P.K.N.), Neurosurgery (P.K.N.), and Neurology (M.S., T.B.), New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.K.%2BNelson%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Nelson%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.K.%2BNelson%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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<p id="p-1"><strong>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</strong> Low-porosity endoluminal devices for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, also known as flow diverters, have been in experimental and clinical use for close to 10 years. Despite rigorous evidence of their safety and efficacy in well-controlled trials, a number of key factors concerning their use remain poorly defined. Among these, none has received more attention to date than the debate on how many devices are optimally required to achieve a safe, effective, and economical outcome. Additional, related questions concern device sizing relative to the parent artery and optimal method of deployment of the devices. While some or all of these issues may be ultimately answered on an empiric basis via subgroup analysis of growing treatment cohorts, we believe that careful in vitro examination of relevant device properties can also help guide its in vivo use.</p></div>
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<p id="p-2"><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</strong> We conducted a number of benchtop experiments to investigate the varied porosity of Pipeline Embolization Devices deployed in a simulated range of parent vessel diameters and applied these results toward conceptualizing optimal treatment strategies of fusiform and wide-neck aneurysms.</p></div>
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<p id="p-3"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The results of our studies confirm a predictable parabolic variability in device porosity based on the respective comparative sizes of the device and recipient artery, as well as device curvature. Even modest oversizing leads to a significant increase in porosity.</p></div>
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<p id="p-4"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> The experiments demonstrate various deleterious effects of device oversizing relative to the parent artery and provide strategies for addressing size mismatches when they are unavoidable.</p>
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<h3>Abbreviations</h3>
<dl id="def-list-1"><dt id="def-item-1">PED<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>Pipeline Embolization Device<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-2">PUFS<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>Pipeline for Uncoilable and Failed Aneurysms<span class="def-item-dd-sep"></span></dd><dt id="def-item-3">TZ<span class="def-item-dt-sep"></span></dt><dd>transition zone</dd></dl>
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