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<meta name="DC.Title" content="MR appearance of Virchow-Robin spaces along lenticulostriate arteries: spin-echo and two-dimensional fast low-angle shot imaging." />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="1994-02-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright © American Society of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="PURPOSE To delineate the appearance of normal Virchow-Robin spaces on routine spin-echo images and demonstrate the lenticulostriate arteries within them with a flow-sensitive fast low-angle shot (FLASH) pulse sequence.

METHODS Seventy subjects, free of cerebrovascular diseases and other neurologic disorders, ranging in age from 1 to 75 years, were examined. On a 1.5-T MR system, axial spin-echo images of 5 mm thickness were obtained in all subjects. In 45 of 70 subjects axial two-dimensional FLASH images of 3 mm thickness were continuously imaged.

RESULTS On T1- and spin density-weighted images Virchow-Robin spaces were detected as small foci of cerebrospinal fluid intensity around the anterior commissure in all subjects (100%), and in the basal ganglia at the level of the foramen of Monro in 40 (57%). T2-weighted images equally showed Virchow-Robin spaces around the anterior commissure but were less sensitive than T1- and spin-density weighted images at the level of the foramen of Monro (14%). Virchow-Robin spaces identified on T2-weighted images should be isointense with cerebrospinal fluid. However, one or two spaces in 11 younger subjects were hypointense relative to adjacent brain tissue. On FLASH images most Virchow-Robin spaces identified on spin-echo images were delineated as high-intensity foci, corresponding to lenticulostriate arteries.

CONCLUSIONS Normal Virchow-Robin spaces along the lenticulostriate arteries are frequently detected on spin-echo images. Their appearance, affected by the flow of associated lenticulostriate arteries, varies from hyper- to hypointensity to brain tissue on T2-weighted images. The two-dimensional FLASH sequence can demonstrate the flow of the arteries, thereby helping confirm that these are truly Virchow-Robin spaces." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="N Hirabuki" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="N Fujita" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="K Fujii" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T Hashimoto" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T Kozuka" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="1994-02-01" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="MR appearance of Virchow-Robin spaces along lenticulostriate arteries: spin-echo and two-dimensional fast low-angle shot imaging." />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;PURPOSE&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To delineate the appearance of normal Virchow-Robin spaces on routine spin-echo images and demonstrate the lenticulostriate arteries within them with a flow-sensitive fast low-angle shot (FLASH) pulse sequence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;METHODS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Seventy subjects, free of cerebrovascular diseases and other neurologic disorders, ranging in age from 1 to 75 years, were examined. On a 1.5-T MR system, axial spin-echo images of 5 mm thickness were obtained in all subjects. In 45 of 70 subjects axial two-dimensional FLASH images of 3 mm thickness were continuously imaged.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On T1- and spin density-weighted images Virchow-Robin spaces were detected as small foci of cerebrospinal fluid intensity around the anterior commissure in all subjects (100%), and in the basal ganglia at the level of the foramen of Monro in 40 (57%). T2-weighted images equally showed Virchow-Robin spaces around the anterior commissure but were less sensitive than T1- and spin-density weighted images at the level of the foramen of Monro (14%). Virchow-Robin spaces identified on T2-weighted images should be isointense with cerebrospinal fluid. However, one or two spaces in 11 younger subjects were hypointense relative to adjacent brain tissue. On FLASH images most Virchow-Robin spaces identified on spin-echo images were delineated as high-intensity foci, corresponding to lenticulostriate arteries.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Normal Virchow-Robin spaces along the lenticulostriate arteries are frequently detected on spin-echo images. Their appearance, affected by the flow of associated lenticulostriate arteries, varies from hyper- to hypointensity to brain tissue on T2-weighted images. The two-dimensional FLASH sequence can demonstrate the flow of the arteries, thereby helping confirm that these are truly Virchow-Robin spaces.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="1994/02/01" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="N Hirabuki" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="N Fujita" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="K Fujii" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="T Hashimoto" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="T Kozuka" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan." />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="MR appearance of Virchow-Robin spaces along lenticulostriate arteries: spin-echo and two-dimensional fast low-angle shot imaging." />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="PURPOSE To delineate the appearance of normal Virchow-Robin spaces on routine spin-echo images and demonstrate the lenticulostriate arteries within them with a flow-sensitive fast low-angle shot (FLASH) pulse sequence.

METHODS Seventy subjects, free of cerebrovascular diseases and other neurologic disorders, ranging in age from 1 to 75 years, were examined. On a 1.5-T MR system, axial spin-echo images of 5 mm thickness were obtained in all subjects. In 45 of 70 subjects axial two-dimensional FLASH images of 3 mm thickness were continuously imaged.

RESULTS On T1- and spin density-weighted images Virchow-Robin spaces were detected as small foci of cerebrospinal fluid intensity around the anterior commissure in all subjects (100%), and in the basal ganglia at the level of the foramen of Monro in 40 (57%). T2-weighted images equally showed Virchow-Robin spaces around the anterior commissure but were less sensitive than T1- and spin-density weighted images at the level of the foramen of Monro (14%). Virchow-Robin spaces identified on T2-weighted images should be isointense with cerebrospinal fluid. However, one or two spaces in 11 younger subjects were hypointense relative to adjacent brain tissue. On FLASH images most Virchow-Robin spaces identified on spin-echo images were delineated as high-intensity foci, corresponding to lenticulostriate arteries.

CONCLUSIONS Normal Virchow-Robin spaces along the lenticulostriate arteries are frequently detected on spin-echo images. Their appearance, affected by the flow of associated lenticulostriate arteries, varies from hyper- to hypointensity to brain tissue on T2-weighted images. The two-dimensional FLASH sequence can demonstrate the flow of the arteries, thereby helping confirm that these are truly Virchow-Robin spaces." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="MR appearance of Virchow-Robin spaces along lenticulostriate arteries: spin-echo and two-dimensional fast low-angle shot imaging." />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="PURPOSE To delineate the appearance of normal Virchow-Robin spaces on routine spin-echo images and demonstrate the lenticulostriate arteries within them with a flow-sensitive fast low-angle shot (FLASH) pulse sequence.

METHODS Seventy subjects, free of cerebrovascular diseases and other neurologic disorders, ranging in age from 1 to 75 years, were examined. On a 1.5-T MR system, axial spin-echo images of 5 mm thickness were obtained in all subjects. In 45 of 70 subjects axial two-dimensional FLASH images of 3 mm thickness were continuously imaged.

RESULTS On T1- and spin density-weighted images Virchow-Robin spaces were detected as small foci of cerebrospinal fluid intensity around the anterior commissure in all subjects (100%), and in the basal ganglia at the level of the foramen of Monro in 40 (57%). T2-weighted images equally showed Virchow-Robin spaces around the anterior commissure but were less sensitive than T1- and spin-density weighted images at the level of the foramen of Monro (14%). Virchow-Robin spaces identified on T2-weighted images should be isointense with cerebrospinal fluid. However, one or two spaces in 11 younger subjects were hypointense relative to adjacent brain tissue. On FLASH images most Virchow-Robin spaces identified on spin-echo images were delineated as high-intensity foci, corresponding to lenticulostriate arteries.

CONCLUSIONS Normal Virchow-Robin spaces along the lenticulostriate arteries are frequently detected on spin-echo images. Their appearance, affected by the flow of associated lenticulostriate arteries, varies from hyper- to hypointensity to brain tissue on T2-weighted images. The two-dimensional FLASH sequence can demonstrate the flow of the arteries, thereby helping confirm that these are truly Virchow-Robin spaces." />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">MR appearance of Virchow-Robin spaces along lenticulostriate arteries: spin-echo and two-dimensional fast low-angle shot imaging.</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">N Hirabuki</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">N Fujita</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">K Fujii</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">T Hashimoto</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">T Kozuka</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">February 1994,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">15 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">277-281; </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-5941--6906518381" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">N Hirabuki </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=N%2BHirabuki%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hirabuki%20N&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AN%2BHirabuki%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" 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          <p id="p-1"><strong>PURPOSE</strong> To delineate the appearance of normal Virchow-Robin spaces on routine spin-echo images and demonstrate the lenticulostriate arteries within them with a flow-sensitive fast low-angle shot (FLASH) pulse sequence.</p>
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          <p id="p-2"><strong>METHODS</strong> Seventy subjects, free of cerebrovascular diseases and other neurologic disorders, ranging in age from 1 to 75 years, were examined. On a 1.5-T MR system, axial spin-echo images of 5 mm thickness were obtained in all subjects. In 45 of 70 subjects axial two-dimensional FLASH images of 3 mm thickness were continuously imaged.</p>
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          <p id="p-3"><strong>RESULTS</strong> On T1- and spin density-weighted images Virchow-Robin spaces were detected as small foci of cerebrospinal fluid intensity around the anterior commissure in all subjects (100%), and in the basal ganglia at the level of the foramen of Monro in 40 (57%). T2-weighted images equally showed Virchow-Robin spaces around the anterior commissure but were less sensitive than T1- and spin-density weighted images at the level of the foramen of Monro (14%). Virchow-Robin spaces identified on T2-weighted images should be isointense with cerebrospinal fluid. However, one or two spaces in 11 younger subjects were hypointense relative to adjacent brain tissue. On FLASH images most Virchow-Robin spaces identified on spin-echo images were delineated as high-intensity foci, corresponding to lenticulostriate arteries.</p>
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          <p id="p-4"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong> Normal Virchow-Robin spaces along the lenticulostriate arteries are frequently detected on spin-echo images. Their appearance, affected by the flow of associated lenticulostriate arteries, varies from hyper- to hypointensity to brain tissue on T2-weighted images. The two-dimensional FLASH sequence can demonstrate the flow of the arteries, thereby helping confirm that these are truly Virchow-Robin spaces.</p>
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