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<meta name="DC.Title" content="MR imaging of middle cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion: value of MR angiography." />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="1994-02-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright © American Society of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="PURPOSE To investigate the effectiveness of MR angiography in conjunction with spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis or occlusion.

METHODS Seven patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, verified with contrast angiography in five and correlated with transcranial Doppler sonography in two, were examined using two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiographic techniques as well as conventional spin-echo imaging.

RESULTS Of the seven patients, six demonstrated basal ganglionic and/or cortical infarct in the MCA territory. Except one case with minimal stenosis immediately distal to the MCA origin, all six cases with either severe stenosis or occlusion of the main trunk of the MCA showed the absence of normal flow voids using spin-echo imaging in the sylvian fissure on the affected side. However, it was not possible to discriminate between stenosis and occlusion. Although different mechanisms (ie, flow-induced spin dephasing for the 2-D technique and progressive spin saturation for the 3-D technique) were predominantly responsible for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis, both the 2-D and 3-D MR angiograms clearly depicted the compromised flow of the MCA: a focal discontinuity with decreased vessel caliber corresponded to stenosis, and nonvisualization of distal MCA branches represented occlusion.

CONCLUSION Either 2-D or 3-D time-of-flight MR angiography is a useful adjunct to conventional parenchymal spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, although it is important to recognize that each technique has a different basis for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="N Fujita" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="N Hirabuki" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="K Fujii" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T Hashimoto" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T Miura" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T Sato" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T Kozuka" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="1994-02-01" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="MR imaging of middle cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion: value of MR angiography." />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;PURPOSE&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To investigate the effectiveness of MR angiography in conjunction with spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis or occlusion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;METHODS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Seven patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, verified with contrast angiography in five and correlated with transcranial Doppler sonography in two, were examined using two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiographic techniques as well as conventional spin-echo imaging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Of the seven patients, six demonstrated basal ganglionic and/or cortical infarct in the MCA territory. Except one case with minimal stenosis immediately distal to the MCA origin, all six cases with either severe stenosis or occlusion of the main trunk of the MCA showed the absence of normal flow voids using spin-echo imaging in the sylvian fissure on the affected side. However, it was not possible to discriminate between stenosis and occlusion. Although different mechanisms (ie, flow-induced spin dephasing for the 2-D technique and progressive spin saturation for the 3-D technique) were predominantly responsible for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis, both the 2-D and 3-D MR angiograms clearly depicted the compromised flow of the MCA: a focal discontinuity with decreased vessel caliber corresponded to stenosis, and nonvisualization of distal MCA branches represented occlusion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSION&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Either 2-D or 3-D time-of-flight MR angiography is a useful adjunct to conventional parenchymal spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, although it is important to recognize that each technique has a different basis for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="1994/02/01" />
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<meta name="citation_firstpage" content="335" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="N Fujita" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="N Hirabuki" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="K Fujii" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="T Hashimoto" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="T Miura" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="T Sato" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="T Kozuka" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Radiology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan." />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="MR imaging of middle cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion: value of MR angiography." />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="PURPOSE To investigate the effectiveness of MR angiography in conjunction with spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis or occlusion.

METHODS Seven patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, verified with contrast angiography in five and correlated with transcranial Doppler sonography in two, were examined using two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiographic techniques as well as conventional spin-echo imaging.

RESULTS Of the seven patients, six demonstrated basal ganglionic and/or cortical infarct in the MCA territory. Except one case with minimal stenosis immediately distal to the MCA origin, all six cases with either severe stenosis or occlusion of the main trunk of the MCA showed the absence of normal flow voids using spin-echo imaging in the sylvian fissure on the affected side. However, it was not possible to discriminate between stenosis and occlusion. Although different mechanisms (ie, flow-induced spin dephasing for the 2-D technique and progressive spin saturation for the 3-D technique) were predominantly responsible for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis, both the 2-D and 3-D MR angiograms clearly depicted the compromised flow of the MCA: a focal discontinuity with decreased vessel caliber corresponded to stenosis, and nonvisualization of distal MCA branches represented occlusion.

CONCLUSION Either 2-D or 3-D time-of-flight MR angiography is a useful adjunct to conventional parenchymal spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, although it is important to recognize that each technique has a different basis for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis." />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="PURPOSE To investigate the effectiveness of MR angiography in conjunction with spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis or occlusion.

METHODS Seven patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, verified with contrast angiography in five and correlated with transcranial Doppler sonography in two, were examined using two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiographic techniques as well as conventional spin-echo imaging.

RESULTS Of the seven patients, six demonstrated basal ganglionic and/or cortical infarct in the MCA territory. Except one case with minimal stenosis immediately distal to the MCA origin, all six cases with either severe stenosis or occlusion of the main trunk of the MCA showed the absence of normal flow voids using spin-echo imaging in the sylvian fissure on the affected side. However, it was not possible to discriminate between stenosis and occlusion. Although different mechanisms (ie, flow-induced spin dephasing for the 2-D technique and progressive spin saturation for the 3-D technique) were predominantly responsible for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis, both the 2-D and 3-D MR angiograms clearly depicted the compromised flow of the MCA: a focal discontinuity with decreased vessel caliber corresponded to stenosis, and nonvisualization of distal MCA branches represented occlusion.

CONCLUSION Either 2-D or 3-D time-of-flight MR angiography is a useful adjunct to conventional parenchymal spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, although it is important to recognize that each technique has a different basis for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis." />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">MR imaging of middle cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion: value of MR angiography.</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">N Fujita</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">N Hirabuki</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">K Fujii</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">T Hashimoto</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">T Miura</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">T Sato</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">T Kozuka</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">February 1994,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">15 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">335-341; </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-5959--61502094487" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">N Fujita </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>Department of Radiology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=N%2BFujita%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Fujita%20N&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AN%2BFujita%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" 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          <p id="p-1"><strong>PURPOSE</strong> To investigate the effectiveness of MR angiography in conjunction with spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis or occlusion.</p>
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          <p id="p-2"><strong>METHODS</strong> Seven patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, verified with contrast angiography in five and correlated with transcranial Doppler sonography in two, were examined using two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiographic techniques as well as conventional spin-echo imaging.</p>
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          <p id="p-3"><strong>RESULTS</strong> Of the seven patients, six demonstrated basal ganglionic and/or cortical infarct in the MCA territory. Except one case with minimal stenosis immediately distal to the MCA origin, all six cases with either severe stenosis or occlusion of the main trunk of the MCA showed the absence of normal flow voids using spin-echo imaging in the sylvian fissure on the affected side. However, it was not possible to discriminate between stenosis and occlusion. Although different mechanisms (ie, flow-induced spin dephasing for the 2-D technique and progressive spin saturation for the 3-D technique) were predominantly responsible for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis, both the 2-D and 3-D MR angiograms clearly depicted the compromised flow of the MCA: a focal discontinuity with decreased vessel caliber corresponded to stenosis, and nonvisualization of distal MCA branches represented occlusion.</p>
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          <p id="p-4"><strong>CONCLUSION</strong> Either 2-D or 3-D time-of-flight MR angiography is a useful adjunct to conventional parenchymal spin-echo imaging for evaluating vascular patency in patients with MCA stenosis or occlusion, although it is important to recognize that each technique has a different basis for the loss of signal through the area of stenosis.</p>
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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 15</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 2 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Feb 1994 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">MR imaging of middle cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion: value of MR angiography.</div>  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Feb 1994, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">15 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">335-341; </span></div>
  
  
  
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