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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Self-expanding and balloon-expandable stents in the treatment of carotid aneurysms: an experimental study in a canine model." />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="1994-03-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of metal stents for the treatment of different forms and sizes of carotid aneurysms.

METHODS A total of 14 experimentally constructed aneurysms in dogs were treated with transfemorally placed balloon-expandable tantalum and self-expanding nitinol stents.

RESULTS In 10 cases, stenting produced either immediate complete occlusion of the aneurysm (n = 7) or complete delayed thrombosis after 7 to 10 days (n = 3). In two cases treated with balloon-expandable tantalum endoprostheses, repeated angiography showed a persistent aneurysmal neck with a diameter of 1 mm. No incompletely occluded aneurysms were visible after implantation of nitinol stents. Nine-month angiographic follow-up revealed maximal stenosis of the stented vessel segment of up to 40% after placement of tantalum endoprostheses. However, no more than 15% stenosis followed the deployment of nitinol stents. Histologic examination confirmed these findings. Significantly greater intimal fibrocellular tissue growth surrounded tantalum filaments than nitinol filaments, which were covered with a smooth, thin neointimal layer. In two carotid arteries a subtotal and total occlusion of the parent vessel occurred after the insertion of a tantalum and nitinol stent, respectively. No recanalization of completely occluded aneurysms or delayed migration of a stent was observed.

CONCLUSIONS Porous, tubular self-expanding nitinol stents may become the treatment of choice for broad-based and fusiform aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. However, blood flow dynamics of the aneurysms must be studied carefully in order to select an appropriate mesh size for complete occlusion while preserving the parent vessel. Improvements in the introducing system, stent material, and stent shape are required for simple implantation and reduction of intimal hyperplasia." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A K Wakhloo" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="F Schellhammer" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J de Vries" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J Haberstroh" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M Schumacher" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="1994-03-01" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Self-expanding and balloon-expandable stents in the treatment of carotid aneurysms: an experimental study in a canine model." />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;PURPOSE&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To assess the efficacy of metal stents for the treatment of different forms and sizes of carotid aneurysms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;METHODS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A total of 14 experimentally constructed aneurysms in dogs were treated with transfemorally placed balloon-expandable tantalum and self-expanding nitinol stents.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In 10 cases, stenting produced either immediate complete occlusion of the aneurysm (n = 7) or complete delayed thrombosis after 7 to 10 days (n = 3). In two cases treated with balloon-expandable tantalum endoprostheses, repeated angiography showed a persistent aneurysmal neck with a diameter of 1 mm. No incompletely occluded aneurysms were visible after implantation of nitinol stents. Nine-month angiographic follow-up revealed maximal stenosis of the stented vessel segment of up to 40% after placement of tantalum endoprostheses. However, no more than 15% stenosis followed the deployment of nitinol stents. Histologic examination confirmed these findings. Significantly greater intimal fibrocellular tissue growth surrounded tantalum filaments than nitinol filaments, which were covered with a smooth, thin neointimal layer. In two carotid arteries a subtotal and total occlusion of the parent vessel occurred after the insertion of a tantalum and nitinol stent, respectively. No recanalization of completely occluded aneurysms or delayed migration of a stent was observed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Porous, tubular self-expanding nitinol stents may become the treatment of choice for broad-based and fusiform aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. However, blood flow dynamics of the aneurysms must be studied carefully in order to select an appropriate mesh size for complete occlusion while preserving the parent vessel. Improvements in the introducing system, stent material, and stent shape are required for simple implantation and reduction of intimal hyperplasia.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="A K Wakhloo" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Neuroradiology, University of Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="F Schellhammer" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Neuroradiology, University of Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="J de Vries" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Neuroradiology, University of Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="J Haberstroh" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Neuroradiology, University of Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="M Schumacher" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Self-expanding and balloon-expandable stents in the treatment of carotid aneurysms: an experimental study in a canine model." />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of metal stents for the treatment of different forms and sizes of carotid aneurysms.

METHODS A total of 14 experimentally constructed aneurysms in dogs were treated with transfemorally placed balloon-expandable tantalum and self-expanding nitinol stents.

RESULTS In 10 cases, stenting produced either immediate complete occlusion of the aneurysm (n = 7) or complete delayed thrombosis after 7 to 10 days (n = 3). In two cases treated with balloon-expandable tantalum endoprostheses, repeated angiography showed a persistent aneurysmal neck with a diameter of 1 mm. No incompletely occluded aneurysms were visible after implantation of nitinol stents. Nine-month angiographic follow-up revealed maximal stenosis of the stented vessel segment of up to 40% after placement of tantalum endoprostheses. However, no more than 15% stenosis followed the deployment of nitinol stents. Histologic examination confirmed these findings. Significantly greater intimal fibrocellular tissue growth surrounded tantalum filaments than nitinol filaments, which were covered with a smooth, thin neointimal layer. In two carotid arteries a subtotal and total occlusion of the parent vessel occurred after the insertion of a tantalum and nitinol stent, respectively. No recanalization of completely occluded aneurysms or delayed migration of a stent was observed.

CONCLUSIONS Porous, tubular self-expanding nitinol stents may become the treatment of choice for broad-based and fusiform aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. However, blood flow dynamics of the aneurysms must be studied carefully in order to select an appropriate mesh size for complete occlusion while preserving the parent vessel. Improvements in the introducing system, stent material, and stent shape are required for simple implantation and reduction of intimal hyperplasia." />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of metal stents for the treatment of different forms and sizes of carotid aneurysms.

METHODS A total of 14 experimentally constructed aneurysms in dogs were treated with transfemorally placed balloon-expandable tantalum and self-expanding nitinol stents.

RESULTS In 10 cases, stenting produced either immediate complete occlusion of the aneurysm (n = 7) or complete delayed thrombosis after 7 to 10 days (n = 3). In two cases treated with balloon-expandable tantalum endoprostheses, repeated angiography showed a persistent aneurysmal neck with a diameter of 1 mm. No incompletely occluded aneurysms were visible after implantation of nitinol stents. Nine-month angiographic follow-up revealed maximal stenosis of the stented vessel segment of up to 40% after placement of tantalum endoprostheses. However, no more than 15% stenosis followed the deployment of nitinol stents. Histologic examination confirmed these findings. Significantly greater intimal fibrocellular tissue growth surrounded tantalum filaments than nitinol filaments, which were covered with a smooth, thin neointimal layer. In two carotid arteries a subtotal and total occlusion of the parent vessel occurred after the insertion of a tantalum and nitinol stent, respectively. No recanalization of completely occluded aneurysms or delayed migration of a stent was observed.

CONCLUSIONS Porous, tubular self-expanding nitinol stents may become the treatment of choice for broad-based and fusiform aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. However, blood flow dynamics of the aneurysms must be studied carefully in order to select an appropriate mesh size for complete occlusion while preserving the parent vessel. Improvements in the introducing system, stent material, and stent shape are required for simple implantation and reduction of intimal hyperplasia." />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Self-expanding and balloon-expandable stents in the treatment of carotid aneurysms: an experimental study in a canine model.</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">A K Wakhloo</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">F Schellhammer</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">J de Vries</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">J Haberstroh</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">M Schumacher</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">March 1994,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">15 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(3) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">493-502; </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-5991--6502183413" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A K Wakhloo </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>Department of Neuroradiology, University of Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A%2BK%2BWakhloo%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Wakhloo%20AK&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA%2BK%2BWakhloo%2B" 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href="/search/author1%3AF%2BSchellhammer%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J de Vries </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>Department of Neuroradiology, University of Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J%2Bde%2BVries%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=de%20Vries%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li 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          <div id="sec-1" class="subsection"><p id="p-1"><strong>PURPOSE</strong> To assess the efficacy of metal stents for the treatment of different forms and sizes of carotid aneurysms.</p></div>
          <div id="sec-2" class="subsection"><p id="p-2"><strong>METHODS</strong> A total of 14 experimentally constructed aneurysms in dogs were treated with transfemorally placed balloon-expandable tantalum and self-expanding nitinol stents.</p></div>
          <div id="sec-3" class="subsection"><p id="p-3"><strong>RESULTS</strong> In 10 cases, stenting produced either immediate complete occlusion of the aneurysm (n = 7) or complete delayed thrombosis after 7 to 10 days (n = 3). In two cases treated with balloon-expandable tantalum endoprostheses, repeated angiography showed a persistent aneurysmal neck with a diameter of 1 mm. No incompletely occluded aneurysms were visible after implantation of nitinol stents. Nine-month angiographic follow-up revealed maximal stenosis of the stented vessel segment of up to 40% after placement of tantalum endoprostheses. However, no more than 15% stenosis followed the deployment of nitinol stents. Histologic examination confirmed these findings. Significantly greater intimal fibrocellular tissue growth surrounded tantalum filaments than nitinol filaments, which were covered with a smooth, thin neointimal layer. In two carotid arteries a subtotal and total occlusion of the parent vessel occurred after the insertion of a tantalum and nitinol stent, respectively. No recanalization of completely occluded aneurysms or delayed migration of a stent was observed.</p></div>
          <div id="sec-4" class="subsection"><p id="p-4"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong> Porous, tubular self-expanding nitinol stents may become the treatment of choice for broad-based and fusiform aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. However, blood flow dynamics of the aneurysms must be studied carefully in order to select an appropriate mesh size for complete occlusion while preserving the parent vessel. Improvements in the introducing system, stent material, and stent shape are required for simple implantation and reduction of intimal hyperplasia.</p></div>
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