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    Evaluation of Distal Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery by Transoral Carotid Ultrasonography in Patients with Severe Carotid Stenosis | American Journal of Neuroradiology  
    



















    





























    
  
  




    
    

  

      


    

      

  
  
  

    

  

    

  

                
    

      

  

    

  
      
  
  

    


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Research ArticleHEAD AND NECK

  
      

  
      
Evaluation of Distal Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery by Transoral Carotid Ultrasonography in Patients with Severe Carotid Stenosis
  
    	
Kazuhiro Kishikawa, Masahiro Kamouchi, Yasushi Okada, Tooru Inoue, Setsuro Ibayashi and Mitsuo Iida

  
    	
American Journal of Neuroradiology June 2002,  23 (6) 924-928; 

  
  
  



  


  
  



			

		

	
	
 	
	  
  

		
		

			

			  

  
      
  
  

    
  


  
  



  
      
  
  

    

  

    

  
      
  
  

    
References
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    North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med 1991;325:445–453
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  2. European Carotid Surgery Trialists’ Collaborative Group. MRC European carotid surgery trial: interim results for symptomatic patients with severe (70–99%) or with mild (0–29%) carotid stenosis. Lancet 1991;337:1235–1243
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  3. Mayberg MR, Wilson SE, Yatsu F, et al. Carotid endarterectomy and prevention of cerebral ischemia in symptomatic carotid stenosis. JAMA 1991;266:3289–3294
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    Executive Committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study. Endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. JAMA 1995;273:1421–1428
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    Nagao T, Sadoshima S, Ibayashi S, Takeya Y, Fujishima M. Increase in extracranial atherosclerotic carotid lesions in patients with brain ischemia in Japan: an angiographic study. Stroke 1994;25:766–770
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    Fisher CM, Gore I, Okabe N, White PD. Atherosclerosis of the carotid and vertebral arteries: extracranial and intracranial. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1965;24:455–476
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    Handa N, Matsumoto M, Maeda H, Hougaku H, Kamada T. Ischemic stroke events and carotid atherosclerosis: results of the Osaka Follow-up Study for Ultrasonographic Assessment of Carotid Atherosclerosis (The OSACA Study). Stroke 1995;26:1781–1786
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    Kagawa R, Moritake K, Shima T, Okada Y. Validity of B-mode ultrasonographyic findings in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy in comparison with angiographic and clinicopathologic features. Stroke 1996;27:700–705
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    Huston J III, Lewis BD, Wiebers DO, Meyer FB, Riederer SJ, Weaver AL. Carotid artery: prospective blinded comparison of two-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography with conventional angiography and duplex US. Radiology 1993;186:339–344
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    Yasaka M, Kimura K, Otsubo R, et al. Transoral carotid ultrasonography. Stroke 1998;29:1383–1388
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    Biller J, Feinberg WM, Castaldo JE, et al. Guidelines for carotid endarterectomy: A statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. Stroke 1998;29:554–562
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    Kern MJ, Gibson P, Vandormael M. Alteration of “jetlike” laminar flow after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of saphenous vein bypass graft stenosis. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1986;12:165–168
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    Hass WK, Fields WS, North RR, Kricheff II, Chase NE, Bauer RB. Joint study of extracranial arterial occlusion: II. arteriography, techniques, sites, and complications. JAMA 1968;203:961–968
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Evaluation of Distal Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery by Transoral Carotid Ultrasonography in Patients with Severe Carotid Stenosis
  
    	
Kazuhiro Kishikawa, Masahiro Kamouchi, Yasushi Okada, Tooru Inoue, Setsuro Ibayashi, Mitsuo Iida

  
    	
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jun 2002, 23 (6) 924-928; 

  
  
  



  


  
  



  
      
  
  

    

  
    
  
  
    
  
  
    
  


  


  
  



  
      
  
  

    
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