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<meta name="DC.Title" content="When Is the Vestibular Aqueduct Enlarged? A Statistical Analysis of the Normative Distribution of Vestibular Aqueduct Size" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A0495" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2007-06-01" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The size of vestibular aqueducts (VAs) seen on CT studies varies. The current practice of calling a VA enlarged when it exceeds a certain threshold (eg, 1.5 mm at the midpoint) is arbitrary. Our hypothesis was that statistical analysis of the range of VA widths in a normal-hearing population would lead to a mathematic definition of the upper-limit-of-normal VA width.

Materials and METHODS: The VA midpoint and opercular widths were measured in 73 children with normal hearing. Statistical analysis yielded values of the 99th, 97.5th, 95th, 90th, 75th, and 50th percentiles for this normal distribution.

RESULTS: The upper-limit-of-normal (95th percentile) values for the VA midpoint and opercular widths were 0.9 and 1.9 mm, respectively. The VAs with greater widths may reasonably be considered enlarged.

CONCLUSION: The VAs with midpoint or opercular widths of 1.0 and 2.0 mm or greater, respectively, are enlarged." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Vijayasekaran" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.J. Halsted" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Boston" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Meinzen-Derr" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D.M.E. Bardo" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Greinwald" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="When Is the Vestibular Aqueduct Enlarged? A Statistical Analysis of the Normative Distribution of Vestibular Aqueduct Size" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The size of vestibular aqueducts (VAs) seen on CT studies varies. The current practice of calling a VA enlarged when it exceeds a certain threshold (eg, 1.5 mm at the midpoint) is arbitrary. Our hypothesis was that statistical analysis of the range of VA widths in a normal-hearing population would lead to a mathematic definition of the upper-limit-of-normal VA width.

Materials and METHODS: The VA midpoint and opercular widths were measured in 73 children with normal hearing. Statistical analysis yielded values of the 99th, 97.5th, 95th, 90th, 75th, and 50th percentiles for this normal distribution.

RESULTS: The upper-limit-of-normal (95th percentile) values for the VA midpoint and opercular widths were 0.9 and 1.9 mm, respectively. The VAs with greater widths may reasonably be considered enlarged.

CONCLUSION: The VAs with midpoint or opercular widths of 1.0 and 2.0 mm or greater, respectively, are enlarged." />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The size of vestibular aqueducts (VAs) seen on CT studies varies. The current practice of calling a VA enlarged when it exceeds a certain threshold (eg, 1.5 mm at the midpoint) is arbitrary. Our hypothesis was that statistical analysis of the range of VA widths in a normal-hearing population would lead to a mathematic definition of the upper-limit-of-normal VA width.

Materials and METHODS: The VA midpoint and opercular widths were measured in 73 children with normal hearing. Statistical analysis yielded values of the 99th, 97.5th, 95th, 90th, 75th, and 50th percentiles for this normal distribution.

RESULTS: The upper-limit-of-normal (95th percentile) values for the VA midpoint and opercular widths were 0.9 and 1.9 mm, respectively. The VAs with greater widths may reasonably be considered enlarged.

CONCLUSION: The VAs with midpoint or opercular widths of 1.0 and 2.0 mm or greater, respectively, are enlarged." />
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      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">HEAD &amp; NECK</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">When Is the Vestibular Aqueduct Enlarged? A Statistical Analysis of the Normative Distribution of Vestibular Aqueduct Size</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">S. Vijayasekaran</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">M.J. Halsted</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">M. Boston</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">J. Meinzen-Derr</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">D.M.E. Bardo</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">J. Greinwald</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">C. Benton</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">June 2007,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">28 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(6) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1133-1138; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A0495 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-7050--62128849773" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Vijayasekaran </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BVijayasekaran%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Vijayasekaran%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BVijayasekaran%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.J. Halsted </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.J.%2BHalsted%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Halsted%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.J.%2BHalsted%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Boston </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BBoston%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Boston%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BBoston%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Meinzen-Derr </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BMeinzen-Derr%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Meinzen-Derr%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BMeinzen-Derr%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D.M.E. Bardo </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.M.E.%2BBardo%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Bardo%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.M.E.%2BBardo%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Greinwald </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BGreinwald%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Greinwald%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BGreinwald%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. 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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2>References</h2><ol class="cit-list"><li><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1 in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-other" id="cit-28.6.1133.1" data-doi="10.1097/00005537-200201000-00001"><div class="cit-metadata"><cite>Mafong DD, Shin EJ, Lalwani AK. <strong>Use of laboratory evaluation and radiologic imaging in the diagnostic evaluation of children with sensorineural hearing loss.</strong> <span class="cit-source">Laryngoscope</span> <span class="cit-pub-date">2002</span>;<span class="cit-vol">112</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1</span>–7</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/00005537-200201000-00001&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=11802030&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F28%2F6%2F1133.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000173415300001&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-2-1" title="View reference 2 in text" id="ref-2">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-other" id="cit-28.6.1133.2"><div class="cit-metadata"><cite>Boston M, Halsted M, Meinzen-Derr J, et al. <strong>The large vestibular aqueduct: a new definition based on audiologic and computed tomography correlation.</strong> <span class="cit-source">Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</span> <span class="cit-pub-date">2007</span> . 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 28</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 6 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">June 2007 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">When Is the Vestibular Aqueduct Enlarged? A Statistical Analysis of the Normative Distribution of Vestibular Aqueduct Size</div>  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Vijayasekaran</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Halsted</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Boston</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Meinzen-Derr</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.M.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bardo</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Greinwald</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Benton</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Jun 2007, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">28 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(6) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1133-1138; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A0495 </span></div>
  
  
  
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