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<meta name="DC.Title" content="3D Time-Resolved MR Angiography (MRA) of the Carotid Arteries with Time-Resolved Imaging with Stochastic Trajectories: Comparison with 3D Contrast-Enhanced Bolus-Chase MRA and 3D Time-Of-Flight MRA" />
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<meta name="DC.Date" content="2008-11-01" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Time-resolved MR angiography (MRA) offers the combined advantage of large anatomic coverage and hemodynamic flow information. We applied parallel imaging and time-resolved imaging with stochastic trajectories (TWIST), which uses a spiral trajectory to undersample k -space, to perform time-resolved MRA of the extracranial internal carotid arteries and compare it to time-of-flight (TOF) and high-resolution contrast-enhanced (HR) MRA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 31 patients who underwent carotid MRA at 1.5T using TOF, time-resolved and HR MRA was performed. Images were evaluated for the presence and degree of ICA stenosis, reader confidence, and number of pure arterial frames attained with the TWIST technique.

RESULTS: With a consensus interpretation of all sequences as the reference standard, accuracy for identifying stenosis was 90.3% for TWIST MRA, compared with 96.0% and 88.7% for HR MRA and TOF MRA, respectively. HR MRA was significantly more accurate than the other techniques ( P &lt; .05). TWIST MRA yielded datasets with high in-plane spatial resolution and distinct arterial and venous phases. It provided dynamic information not otherwise available. Mean diagnostic confidence was satisfactory or greater for TWIST in all patients.

CONCLUSION: The TWIST technique consistently obtained pure arterial phase images while providing dynamic information. It is rapid, uses a low dose of contrast, and may be useful in specific circumstances, such as in the acute stroke setting. However, it does not yet have spatial resolution comparable with standard contrast-enhanced MRA." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R.P. Lim" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Shapiro" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E.Y. Wang" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Law" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.S. Babb" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L.E. Rueff" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.S. Jacob" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Kim" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R.H. Carson" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T.P. Mulholland" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="G. Laub" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E.M. Hecht" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2008-11-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="BRAIN" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="3D Time-Resolved MR Angiography (MRA) of the Carotid Arteries with Time-Resolved Imaging with Stochastic Trajectories: Comparison with 3D Contrast-Enhanced Bolus-Chase MRA and 3D Time-Of-Flight MRA" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/b&gt; Time-resolved MR angiography (MRA) offers the combined advantage of large anatomic coverage and hemodynamic flow information. We applied parallel imaging and time-resolved imaging with stochastic trajectories (TWIST), which uses a spiral trajectory to undersample &lt;i&gt;k&lt;/i&gt;-space, to perform time-resolved MRA of the extracranial internal carotid arteries and compare it to time-of-flight (TOF) and high-resolution contrast-enhanced (HR) MRA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/b&gt; A retrospective review of 31 patients who underwent carotid MRA at 1.5T using TOF, time-resolved and HR MRA was performed. Images were evaluated for the presence and degree of ICA stenosis, reader confidence, and number of pure arterial frames attained with the TWIST technique.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/b&gt; With a consensus interpretation of all sequences as the reference standard, accuracy for identifying stenosis was 90.3% for TWIST MRA, compared with 96.0% and 88.7% for HR MRA and TOF MRA, respectively. HR MRA was significantly more accurate than the other techniques (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .05). TWIST MRA yielded datasets with high in-plane spatial resolution and distinct arterial and venous phases. It provided dynamic information not otherwise available. Mean diagnostic confidence was satisfactory or greater for TWIST in all patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/b&gt; The TWIST technique consistently obtained pure arterial phase images while providing dynamic information. It is rapid, uses a low dose of contrast, and may be useful in specific circumstances, such as in the acute stroke setting. However, it does not yet have spatial resolution comparable with standard contrast-enhanced MRA.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="3D Time-Resolved MR Angiography (MRA) of the Carotid Arteries with Time-Resolved Imaging with Stochastic Trajectories: Comparison with 3D Contrast-Enhanced Bolus-Chase MRA and 3D Time-Of-Flight MRA" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Time-resolved MR angiography (MRA) offers the combined advantage of large anatomic coverage and hemodynamic flow information. We applied parallel imaging and time-resolved imaging with stochastic trajectories (TWIST), which uses a spiral trajectory to undersample k -space, to perform time-resolved MRA of the extracranial internal carotid arteries and compare it to time-of-flight (TOF) and high-resolution contrast-enhanced (HR) MRA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 31 patients who underwent carotid MRA at 1.5T using TOF, time-resolved and HR MRA was performed. Images were evaluated for the presence and degree of ICA stenosis, reader confidence, and number of pure arterial frames attained with the TWIST technique.

RESULTS: With a consensus interpretation of all sequences as the reference standard, accuracy for identifying stenosis was 90.3% for TWIST MRA, compared with 96.0% and 88.7% for HR MRA and TOF MRA, respectively. HR MRA was significantly more accurate than the other techniques ( P &lt; .05). TWIST MRA yielded datasets with high in-plane spatial resolution and distinct arterial and venous phases. It provided dynamic information not otherwise available. Mean diagnostic confidence was satisfactory or greater for TWIST in all patients.

CONCLUSION: The TWIST technique consistently obtained pure arterial phase images while providing dynamic information. It is rapid, uses a low dose of contrast, and may be useful in specific circumstances, such as in the acute stroke setting. However, it does not yet have spatial resolution comparable with standard contrast-enhanced MRA." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="3D Time-Resolved MR Angiography (MRA) of the Carotid Arteries with Time-Resolved Imaging with Stochastic Trajectories: Comparison with 3D Contrast-Enhanced Bolus-Chase MRA and 3D Time-Of-Flight MRA" />
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<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Time-resolved MR angiography (MRA) offers the combined advantage of large anatomic coverage and hemodynamic flow information. We applied parallel imaging and time-resolved imaging with stochastic trajectories (TWIST), which uses a spiral trajectory to undersample k -space, to perform time-resolved MRA of the extracranial internal carotid arteries and compare it to time-of-flight (TOF) and high-resolution contrast-enhanced (HR) MRA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 31 patients who underwent carotid MRA at 1.5T using TOF, time-resolved and HR MRA was performed. Images were evaluated for the presence and degree of ICA stenosis, reader confidence, and number of pure arterial frames attained with the TWIST technique.

RESULTS: With a consensus interpretation of all sequences as the reference standard, accuracy for identifying stenosis was 90.3% for TWIST MRA, compared with 96.0% and 88.7% for HR MRA and TOF MRA, respectively. HR MRA was significantly more accurate than the other techniques ( P &lt; .05). TWIST MRA yielded datasets with high in-plane spatial resolution and distinct arterial and venous phases. It provided dynamic information not otherwise available. Mean diagnostic confidence was satisfactory or greater for TWIST in all patients.

CONCLUSION: The TWIST technique consistently obtained pure arterial phase images while providing dynamic information. It is rapid, uses a low dose of contrast, and may be useful in specific circumstances, such as in the acute stroke setting. However, it does not yet have spatial resolution comparable with standard contrast-enhanced MRA." />
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    <title>3D Time-Resolved MR Angiography (MRA) of the Carotid Arteries with Time-Resolved Imaging with Stochastic Trajectories: Comparison with 3D Contrast-Enhanced Bolus-Chase MRA and 3D Time-Of-Flight MRA | American Journal of Neuroradiology</title>  
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node8529--5" data-node-nid="8529" id="top-node-8529--66826874" data-pisa="ajnr;29/10/1847" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A1252" data-apath="/ajnr/29/10/1847.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">3D Time-Resolved MR Angiography (MRA) of the Carotid Arteries with Time-Resolved Imaging with Stochastic Trajectories: Comparison with 3D Contrast-Enhanced Bolus-Chase MRA and 3D Time-Of-Flight MRA</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">R.P. Lim</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">M. Shapiro</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">E.Y. Wang</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">M. Law</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">J.S. Babb</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">L.E. Rueff</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">J.S. Jacob</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">S. Kim</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">R.H. Carson</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">T.P. Mulholland</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10">G. Laub</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11">E.M. Hecht</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">November 2008,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(10) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1847-1854; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A1252 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-8529--66826874" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">R.P. Lim </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=R.P.%2BLim%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Lim%20R&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AR.P.%2BLim%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. 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            <h2>Supplemental Online Tables</h2>
            <p><strong>Files in this Data Supplement:</strong></p>
            <ul><li><a href="/highwire/filestream/52052/field_highwire_adjunct_files/0/1252_tables.pdf" class="rewritten" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Online Tables 1-3 (PDF)</a> -
                  		<br/><br/>
                  <em>Online Table 1:</em> The number of evaluations provided for arteries with each level of stenosis, as determined by the reference standard (a
                  consensus reading by both radiologists of all 3 sequences), and the number (percentage) of times the characterization of stenosis
                  determined
                  using data from each sequence was accurate compared with the reference standard<br/><br/>
                  
                  <em>Online Table 2:</em>  Discordance between sequences for stenosis assessment and cases in which TWIST MRA provided additional hemodynamic
                  information<br/><br/>
                  
                  <em>Online Table 3:</em>  CNR and SNR values for each sequence
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">3D Time-Resolved MR Angiography (MRA) of the Carotid Arteries with Time-Resolved Imaging with Stochastic Trajectories: Comparison with 3D Contrast-Enhanced Bolus-Chase MRA and 3D Time-Of-Flight MRA</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Lim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Shapiro</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.Y.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Wang</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Law</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Babb</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rueff</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Jacob</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Carson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">T.P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mulholland</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Laub</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hecht</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Nov 2008, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(10) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1847-1854; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1252 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">3D Time-Resolved MR Angiography (MRA) of the Carotid Arteries with Time-Resolved Imaging with Stochastic Trajectories: Comparison with 3D Contrast-Enhanced Bolus-Chase MRA and 3D Time-Of-Flight MRA</div>  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Nov 2008, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(10) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1847-1854; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1252 </span></div>
  
  
  
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